Gottwald, Klement. 1896-1953. Czech Communist President 1948-. Overthrew Beneš in coup.

Goya, Francisco. 1746-1828. Spanish painter and engraver of macabre. Horrors of War 1811.

Grand Alliance, War of. 1689-97. Spain, Sweden, England, Holy Roman Empire, Netherlands vs French expansionism. Negotiated Peace. King William’s War. Namur. Augsburg League.

Grand Army of the Republic. 1866-1956. Political organization of American Civil War veterans.

Grant, Ulysses S. 1822-85. Commander-in-Chief Union army 1864-5 in US Civil War. President 1869-77.

Great Awakening. 1720-60. US religious revival.

Great Britain. 1707 Kingdom of England, Scotland, Wales. United Kingdom. Act of Union.

Great Leap Forward. 1958-61. Failed Chinese program for increased output by communes.

Great Society. 1965-9. US program of social reforms. War on poverty.

Great Wall of China. Parts 4C BC. Joined 214-204BC.

Greco-Turkish War. 1897. Greece fails to annex Crete. 1920-22. Greece loses Thrace. Exchange of minorities.

Greek Civil War. 1944-9. Communist insurrection defeated with British/US help.

Greek Fire. 648. Byzantine secret weapon. Flammable substance that ignited on contact with water invented by Callinicus of Heliopolis.

Greek Independence, War. 1821-29. Greek rebels, plus England, France, Russia defeat Turkey and Egypt. London Treaty. Otto I. Constantinople Treaty, 1832....End of Holy Alliance.

Greek Liberation, War. = Greek Independence, War.

Greenbacks. US banknotes issued to support Civil War not backed by gold.

Gretna Green. 1754-1940. Scottish border village popular for runaway marriages.

Grey, Edward. 1862-1933. British statesman. Triple Alliance. Treaty of London.

Gringo. 1847. Mexican pejorative for American. From “Green grow the rushes, oh”, sung during Mexican War.

Griselda. Italian wife whose patience was tested by her husband, without complaint.

Gropius, Walter. 1883-1969. German architect. Bauhaus director. Modern horizontal buildings, glass walls.

Grotius, Hugo. 1583-1645. Dutch jurist. Laws of War and Peace 1625.

Grünewald, Matthias, St. -1528. German Late Gothic artist. Isenheim altarpiece c1510. Colors influenced Baroque Art.

Guadalupe Hidalgo, Treaty. 1848. Ended Mexican War. US paid $15M for half of Mexico.

Guernica. Spanish Basque capital bombed by Germans for Franco, 1937. Euzkadi. Picasso. Spanish Civil War.

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