Alfonso XIII. 1886-1941. King of Spain 1886-1931. Survived 5 assassination attempts. Support for Primo de Rivera weakened monarchy.

Alfred the Great. 849-99. Saxon King of Wessex 871-. Resisted Danes 877-79 (Edington) + 892-96. Captured London 886. First British Navy 897.

Alger, Horatio. 1832-99. US writer of boys’ “rags to riches” stories. Ragged Dick 1868.

Algerian Revolutionary War. 1954-62. Plebiscite granted independence from France, 1962.

Algerian War. 1831-46. France conquers Algeria.

Ali. 4th Caliph, 656-661. Son-in-law of Muhammad. Succession led to Sunni/Shi’ite split. Moslem Civil War.

Alien Registration Act. 1940. Outlaws advocating violent overthrow of US government. Extended to include all advocates of Communism. McCarthy.

All the Talents. 1806. English government under Grenville.

Allah. Arabic word for God; name of Islam’s God.

Allies. WWI and WWII.

Allobroges. Celts who inhabited SE France; conq by Rome 121BC.

Alma, Battle. 1854 Crimean War. French and British defeat Russians at Sebastapol.

Althing. 930~. Icelandic parliament. World’s oldest.

Altmark Truce. 1629-35. Polish-Swedish wars of succession.

Altranstadt, Peace. 1706 Sweden-Poland: Augustus renounces Polish throne. 1707 Sweden-HRE: HRE buys Swedish neutrality in War of Spanish Succession. 1714 Louis XIV-Charles VI.

Alvarez Quintero, Joaquin. 1873-1944, + Serafin 1871-1938. Spanish playwrights.

Amana Colonies. 1855. Successful Pietist communes in Iowa.

Amanollah Khan. 1892-1960. Amir of Afghanistan 1919-29. Won independence from Britain, 1919.

Amazons. Mythical women warriors. Fought Greeks at Troy.

Amboina Massacre. 1623. 20 British and Japanese merchants executed by Dutch for plotting overthrow.

Amboise Peace. 1563. Gave limited rights of worship to French Huguenots.

America. Term coined 1507 by Waldseemüller after Amerigo Vespucci.

American Civil War. 1861-5. Abolitionist North defeats slave-owning South. Britain and France support South, Russia supports North. Union. Confederacy.

American Expeditionary Force. US forces in WWI.

American Revolution. 1775-1783. Independence won from Britain, United States of America formed.

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