Paul IV. Pope 1555-9. Curtailed corruption. Roman Inquisition. Created Jewish ghetto in Rome 1555.

Paul of Aegina. c625-90. Alexandrian physician. Compiled medical knowledge to date. 7 vol Epitome.

Pauli, Wolfgang. 1900-58. Austrian/US physicist. Exclusion Principle 1925. Neutrinos 1931.

Paullus, Aemilius. 229-160BC. Roman victor at Pydna, 168BC. Ended Macedonian War.

Pausanius. c143-76. Lydian traveller, guidebook writer. Descriptions of Greece.

Pavia, Battle. 476. Odoacer defeats Romans, ending Western Roman Empire.

Peacock, Thomas. 1785-1866. English witty satirical novelist: Nightmare Abbey.

Pearl Harbor. 1941 Japanese surprise attack. US, Japan enter WWII.

Peasants’ Crusade. 1096. Led by Walter the Penniless. Annihilated in Anatolia. Inspired First Crusade.

Peasants’ Revolt. 1381. Led by Wat Tyler vs poll tax. Tyler killed by London mayor in king’s presence. Richard II makes concessions but doesn’t follow through.

Peasants’ War. 1524-6. Geneva Anabaptist peasants crushed by nobles and clergy. Muntzer.

Pedrell, Felipe. 1841-1922. “Midwife” of Spanish Nationalist music.

Pedro II. 1825-91. Last Emperor of Brazil 1831-89. Slavery abolished by Isabel as Princess Regent, 1888, led to overthrow.

Peel, Robert. 1788-1850. English Prime Minister 1834~46. London police force 1829. Income Tax 1842. Founded Conservative Party. Bank Charter Act. Repealed Corn Laws 1846.

Pegasus. Greek mythical winged horse.

Peirce, Charles. 1839-1914. US philosopher. Pragmatism. -“logic is keystone of all knowledge”.

Peking Protocol. 1901-43. European powers control Peking. Boxer Rebellion indemnity to be paid.

Pelagius. c354-c425. Welsh monk. Held heretical view that God rewards the virtuous. Free will, no original sin vs Determinism. Pelagians.

Pelletier, P. J. 1788-1842. Discovered chlorophyll, 1817, with Caventou.

Pellico, Silvio. 1789-1854. Italian writer. My Prisons 1832.

Peloponnesian War. 460-445BC. Athens vs Peloponnesian League.

Peloponnesian War, Second. 431-404BC. Sparta defeats Athens, beginning Greek decline.

Penal Laws. 16C-1829. English persecution of Catholics.

Penelope. Faithful wife of Odysseus.

Penfield, Wilder. 1891-1976. Canadian brain surgeon: Cerebral Cortex of Man.

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