Gilded Age. Post American Civil War period of materialism, questionable ethics. Named by Mark Twain.

Ginsberg, Allen. 1926-97. US Beat poet. Howl 1956.

Girtin, Thomas. 1775-1802. English watercolorist.

Giza. Pyramids. 2613-2500BC. 7 Wonder.

Gladiatorial Wars. 73-71BC. Spartacus.

Gladstone, William. 1809-98. English Liberal reform Prime Minister 1868~94. Secret ballot. Public Education. Irish land reforms.

Glencoe Massacre. 1692. Campbells kill 38 MacDonalds for late oath of allegiance to King William.

Glendower, Owen. c1354-1416. Led last Welsh revolt vs English rule 1400-12.

Globe Theatre. 1599-1644. Venue for Shakespeare’s plays, London.

Gloire. 1859. French. World’s first armour-plated vessel.

Glorious Revolution. 1688. British Protestant William and Mary depose James II. Declaration of Rights, Bill of Rights 1689.

Gluck, Christoph. 1714-87. Bohemian composer: Orpheus 1762. Developed opera as drama with music.

Glyndwr, Owain. Glendower, Owen.

Gobelins Tapestry Works. 1440. Established by Jehan Gobelin. Colbert reorganized 1662. Louis XIV sumptuous style. Le Brun. Versailles interiors.

Gödel, Kurt. 1906-78. Czech/US logician. Theorem, 1931, asserts that no logical system can prove all its own propositions.

Godiva, Lady. c1040-80. Rode naked through Coventry to protest taxes. Wife of Earl Leofric.

Godwin. -1053. English Earl. Exiled 1051. Invaded England 1052.

Godwin, William. 1756-1836. English atheist philosopher, author. Anarchism. Cooperation is evil. Things as they Are 1794.

Goering, Hermann. 1893-1946. German WWI flying ace, Nazi Prime Minister. Gestapo. Condemned at Nuremberg. Suicide.

Goethe, Johann. 1749-1832. German writer: Meister’s Apprenticeship 1796. Faust 1808-32. Memories 1809. Sturm und Drang.

Gogol, Nikolai. 1809-52. Russian Realist writer. Dead Souls 1842.

Gold Standard. 1821-1937. Definition of national currencies in terms of gold purchasing power. Ended: 1931 Britain, 1933 USA, 1936 France. Friedman. Bretton Woods.

Golden Bull. 1222. Hungary. Limited king’s powers.

Golden Bull. 1356. Charles IV edict eliminating papal power in selection of Holy Roman Emperor.

Golden Horde. 1250-1395. Mongol Empire in west Russia.

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