Rimbaud, Arthur. 1854-91. French Symbolist poet: Illuminations. Anticipated Freud’s ideas.

Rivera, Diego. 1886-1957. Mexican mural painter. Murals at Rockefeller Center 1933. Kahlo.

Roberts, Charles. 1860-1943. Poet, “Father of Canadian literature”. Songs of the Common Day 1893.

Roberval, Gilles de. 1602-75. French physicist: balance 1670. Geometry of curves.

Rockwell, Norman. 1894-1978. US realistic painter of homey scenes. Saturday Evening Post covers.

Rococo. Art and Architecture 1720-70. Last stage of Baroque. Shell shaped motif in ornamentation. Dainty, graceful, ornate, smiling. Watteau. Boucher. Fragonard.

Rodin, Auguste. 1840-1917. French sculptor: Thinker 1879-89. Balzac. Beethoven. Kiss 1886. Burghers of Calais 1884-6. Gates of Hell.

Rodó, José. 1872-1917. Uruguayan philosopher/writer. Ariel 1900.

Roger II. 1095-1154. Norman count of Sicily 1105-; First king 1130-54. Prosperity, culture.

Roget, Peter. 1779-1869. English physician. Thesaurus 1852.

Roland. -778. Count of Brittany. Officer of Charlemagne, immortalized in song by Turold, c1100.

Roman Catholic Church. 30-. Branch of Christianity recognizing Pope as successor to St Peter. East-West Schism. Eastern Orthodoxy. Protestantism.

Romance Languages. European languages deriving from Latin.

Romanesque Architecture. 4-15C. Barrel vault. Plain. Massive piers. Masonry vaulting. Blend of Byzantine and Roman influences. Gothic.

Romantic. Art. Expression of emotion more important than form or reality. Delacroix. Turner.

Romantic. Literary movement. Nature, spirit and emotion. Subjective. Gothic novel. Hugo, Rousseau, Schiller. Wordsworth. Goethe. Scott.

Romantic Movement. Reaction vs Enlightenment, French cultural domination. Native themes, individuality, subjectivity, self-expression.

Romanticism. 18C Philosophical movement rooted in Pietism. Began in Germany. Spread across Europe in 19C.

Romany. Indo-European language of Gypsies. No written form.

Ronsard, Pierre de. 1524-85. French Pléiade poet. Odes 1550. Amours 1552. Franciade 1572.

Roosevelt, Franklin. 1882-1945. US president 1933-45. New Deal 1933-. Pacifist until Pearl Harbor. Four Freedoms.

Rotten Boroughs. -1832. British rural constituencies with few voters due to urban migration. Reform Bill.

Round Table. King Arthur and his knights.

Roundhead. Derisory term applied to Parliamentarians during English Civil War.

Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. 1712-78. Swiss Enlightenment philosopher and writer. Began Romantic Movement. Stimulated French and American Revolutions. On Equality 1753. Social Contract 1762 influenced French Revolution (offended authorities), Confessions 1782. Man is prevented from being free only by society and cold science. Goodness and bounty of nature. Goodness of man. Advocates direct democracy at City-State level and dictatorship above. Sovereignty rests with people. General will aims at best for all.

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