Nesselrode, Count. 1780-1862. Russian foreign minister 1822-56. Supported Holy Alliance.

Neumann, John von. 1903-57. Hungarian/US mathematician. Computer theory; serial process. Assisted H-bomb development. Minimax theorem 1928.Theory of Games 1944.

Neustria. Western of 4 Merovingian kingdoms. Austrasia.

Neuve-Chapelle, Battle. 1915. Failed WWI artillery attack by British on Western Front.

New Amsterdam. 1624-64 Dutch settlement. = Manhattan.

New Netherland. 1624-64. Dutch colonies in North America. Captured by British. New Amsterdam.

New York City. 1609 Hudson discovers. 1624 Dutch New Amsterdam. 1626 Manhattan Purchase. 1664 English. 1785-90 US capital.

Newcomen, Thomas. 1663-1729. First steam engine, 1706, as mine pump. Basis of Watt’s.

Nicaea, Council. 325. Debate of Athanasius and Arius resolved Nicene Creed, not Easter dates. 787. Temporarily resolved Iconoclasm.

Nimitz, Chester. 1885-1966. US Admiral of Pacific Fleet, WWII. Received Japanese surrender on Missouri.

Nkrumah, Kwame. 1909-72. Gold Coast/Ghana Prime Minister 1952-60, President 60-66.

Nobel Prize. Nobel legacy funded. Peace Prize and prizes in Physics, Chemistry, Medicine, Literature. 1969 +Economics. . Declined: Le Duc Tho, Pasternak, Sartre.

Norman Conquest. 1066. Brought Norman laws, customs, feudal system to England. Hastings.

North, Frederick. 1732-92. English Prime Minister during American Revolution.

Nyerere, Julius. 1922-99. First Tanganyika Prime Minister 1961, President 1962. Union with Zanzibar. President Tanzania 1964.

OAS. Organization of American States. 1948. Western Hemisphere organization for peace, security, and economic cooperation. Cuba expelled 1962.

Obote, Milton. 1925-. Ugandan Prime Minister/Pres 1962-71. Overthrown by Amin. Pres 1980-.

Observatory, Paris. 1667-72. Claude Perrault. Dimensions of the solar system 1672, meridians of longitude. Sets Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).

Octavia. -11BC. Octavian’s sister. Antony’s wife 40-30BC before Cleopatra.

OEEC. Organization for European Economic Cooperation. 1948-61. Western European trade organization. OECD.

Oersted, Christian. 1777-1851. Danish physicist: discovered electromagnetism 1819.

Okubo, Toshimichi. 1830-78. Japanese statesman. Meiji Restoration. Westernized Japan.

Olivares, Conde de. 1587-1645. Spanish Prime Minister 1625-43. Policies of warfare, tax caused revolt.

Olympics, Modern. 1896 Athens. 1900 Paris. 1904 St. Louis. 1908 London. 1912 Stockholm. 1920 Antwerp. Summer: 1924 Paris. 1928 Amsterdam. 1932 Los Angeles. 1936 Berlin. 1948 London. 1952 Helsinki. 1956 Melbourne. 1960 Rome. 1964 Tokyo. 1968 Mexico City. 1972 Munich. 1976 Montreal. 1980 Moscow. 1984 Los Angeles. 1988 Seoul. 1992 Barcelona. 1996 Atlanta. 2000 Sydney. 2004 Athens. 2008 Beijing. Winter: 1924 Chamonix. 1928 St Moritz. 1932 Lake Placid. 1936 Garmisch-Partenkirchen. 1948 St Moritz. 1952 Oslo. 1956 Cortina d’Ampezzo. 1960 Squaw Valley. 1964 Innsbruck. 1968 Grenoble 1972 Sapporo. 1976 Innsbruck. 1980 Lake Placid. 1984 Sarajevo. 1988 Calgary. 1992 Albertville. 1994 Lillehammer. 1998 Nagano. 2002 Salt Lake City. 2006 Torino. Olympia.

Orestes. Electra’s brother. Killed mother and her lover to avenge death of his father, Agamemnon.

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