Primitivism. Naive art by primitive peoples, children, or as an adopted style. Rousseau. Grandma Moses.

Privateers. 13-19C. Pirates licensed by letters of marque to plunder enemy vessels. Drake. Hawkins.

Procopius the Great. c1380-1434. Bohemian leader in Hussite War.

Profumo Affair. 1963. British War Minister Profumo and Christine Keeler, who also associated with Soviet attaché. Embarassed government.

Progressive Bloc. 1915-17. Russian liberals urging reforms.

Progressive Conservative. 1854-. (Named 1942) Major Canadian political party. Bennet. Diefenbaker.

Progressive Party. 1912,24 Dissident US Republicans. 1948 Dissident Democrats.

Prokofiev, Sergei. 1891-1953. Russian Romantic opera and symphony composer, pianist. Strong folk element. Peter and the Wolf 1936.

Propertius, Sixtus. c47BC-15 AD. Roman poet of elegies.

Protectionism. Levying of import duties to make domestic production more competitive. 1337 England. 1870s Germany creates Depression. 1930 US deepens Depression. List. Smoot-Hawley.

Protestant Succession. 1701. English Act of Settlement.

Proteus. Greek sea god who assumed any form he wished.

Protogenes. c300BC. Classical Greek painter.

Provisors, Statutes of. 1351, 1390. Limited pope’s power in England.

Prussia. 1226 Teutonic Knights. 1466 «Poland. 1525 Duchy of Poland. c1660 Independent. 1701 Kingdom. 1772-95 +NW Poland. 1871 Dominated German Empire. 1919 Weimar(W)/ Poland(E). 1933 Germany(W). Bismarck.

Pruth, Treaty. 1711. Ends Russo-Turkish War. Turkey regains territory.

Przhevalsky, Nikolai. 1839-88. Russian explorer of Tibet, Mongolia.

Psamtik I. -610BC. Pharaoh 664-. Reunited Egypt. Ended Assyrian rule.

Pugachov, Yemelyan. 1726-75. Russian. Led peasant rebellion vs serfdom 1773-5, impersonating Peter III.

Punjab. Aryan. c518BC Persia. 326BC Macedonia. c324BC Mauryan. c320 Gupta. 8C Moslem. 1206 Delhi. 16C Mogul. 1764 Sikh. 1849 Britain. 1947 Pakistan(W)/India(E). 1984 Amritsar Assault.

Pushkin, Aleksandr. 1799-1837. Russian Romantic writer. Russia’s “Shakespeare”: Boris Gudonov 1825. Eugene Onegin 1823/4. Exiled 1821~6.

Pyramids, Battle. 1798. Napoleon wins access to Cairo.

Quadrilateral. Austrian fortresses: Legnago, Mantua, Verona, Peschiera.

Quadruple Alliance. 1718. Austria, France, Britain, Dutch Republic. Defeated Spain’s attack on Sicily. 1813,15. Austria, Britain, Russia, Prussia. Enforced Treaty of Paris. 1834 France, Britain, Portugal, Spain. Supported Isabella II vs Carlist claims.

Quantrill, William. 1837-65. Confederate guerilla leader of 1863 massacre at Lawrence, Kansas.

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