Odyssey. 8C BC. Homer’s epic poem of Odysseus.

Oecolampadius, Johannes. 1482-1531. German Reformation theologian. Drafted Confession of Basel 1531.

Oisin. (Ossian). 3C. Gaelic warrior bard. Legends of his father Finn MacCool.

Old Believers. 17C- Russian sect vs Nikon’s reforms.

Oldenburg. 1180 Independent. 1667 Denmark. 1773 Russia. 1777 Independent. 1834 Prussia. 1853 Zollverein. 1871 German Empire. 1919 Republic. 1945 West Germany.

Oleg. -c912. Varangian prince of Kiev, founded Rus state.

O’Neill, Eugene. 1888-1953. US playwright: Iceman Cometh 1946. Long Day’s Journey into Night 1956.

Ops. Roman goddess of harvest, fertility. = Rhea.

Oregon Trail. 1840-70. 2,000 mile route from Missouri to Oregon.

Orient Express. 1883-1977. Paris-Istanbul train.

Orléans, Louis, duc d’. 1372-1407. Began Armagnac/Burgundy conflict. Assassinated by supporters of John the Fearless.

Orléans, Philippe II, duc d’. 1674-1723. French soldier Wars of Grand Alliance, Spanish Succession. Regent for Louis XV.

Orléans, Siege. 1428-9. 8 month English siege ended by Joan of Arc. Turning point of 100 Years War.

Orlov, Grigory, Count. 1734-83. Russian lover of Catherine II; led coup vs Peter III. Advocated liberating Christians from Ottoman rule.

Orsini Affair. 1858. Unsuccessful plot on Napoleon III led to his interest in Italian unity.

Ortega y Gasset, José. 1883-1955. Spanish philosopher: Terra de Nuestra Tiempo 1923. Revolt of the Masses 1929.

Orthodox Church, Eastern. 1054-. Autonomous Christian churches of Middle East, Eastern Europe, Russia using Byzantine rite. East-West Schism.

OSS. Office of Strategic Services. 1942-45. Precursor to CIA.

Ossianic Ballads. 11-18C Irish based on 3C themes of Finn MacCool. Oisin.

Oswald, Lee Harvey. 1939-1963. Kennedy assassin; killed by Ruby.

Ottawa Conference. 1932. British Empire creates Imperial Preference during Depression.

Owens, Jesse. 1913-80. Black US athlete. 4 golds at 1936 Berlin Olympics contradicted Hitler’s Aryan supremacy.

Oxford Group. 1921- Early form of Buchmanism stressing group confessions.

Paasikivi, Juho. 1870-1956. Finnish Prime Minister 1918~46. President 46-56. Appeasement policy to USSR.

Pachomius, St. c290-346. Egypt. Founded first Christian monastery.

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