Elizabeth. 1709-62. Empress of Russia, 1741-. Eliminated German influence. Coup vs Ivan VI.

Emancipation Edict. 1861. Freed Russian serfs. Gave land allotment, paid by loans.

Ems Dispatch. 1870. Bismarck alters telegram from Wilhelm, causing Franco-Prussian War.

Erfurt Parliament. 1850. Austrian opposition causes withdrawal of Prussian plan for German Unification.

Erté, Roman. 1892-1990. Russian/French Art Deco artist.

Estonia. c1000BC Aesti. 9C- Vikings invade. 11,12C Russia, Denmark, Sweden invades. 1219 Denmark. 1346 Teutonic Knights buy. 16C Sweden/Poland/Denmark divide. 17C Sweden. 1721 Russian. 1918 Independent. 1919-33 Unstable governments. 1924 Failed Bolshevik revolution. 1934 Päts coup. 1940 USSR. 1991 Independent.

Fabergé, Peter. 1846-1920. Russian jeweller. Imperial Easter Eggs 1884-1917.

February Revolution. 1917. Early phase of Russian Revolution. Czar overthrown. Provisional Gov’t.

Fellow Travellers. 1917. Russian writers not actively supporting the revolution. Communist sympathizers who are not party members.

Finland. 7C Finns settle, displace Lapps. 1157 Sweden. 1809 Grand Duchy of Russia. 1919 Indepependent republic.

Five Year Plans. 1928- Russian planning cycles.

Franco-Prussian War. 1870-1. Unified Germany dominated by Prussia, wins Alsace-Lorraine. Commune. Ems Dispatch.

Franco-Russian Alliance. Dual Alliance.

Frankfurt, Treaty. 1871. Ended Franco-Prussian War. France paid indemnity, gave up Alsace-Lorraine.

Frederick I. 1657-1713. Creator and first king of Prussia, 1701.

Frederick II. The Great. 1712-86. Powerful Prussian king. Siezed Silesia from Austria. Patron of Arts. Liberal internal reforms.

Fredrikshamn, Peace. 1809. Sweden cedes Finland to Russia.

Fürstenbund. “League of Princes” 1785. Prussian-led association of German states vs Joseph II.

Galicia. 6C Lechs/Ruthenians settle. 10C Russian. 1087 Independent prin. 1241 Mongol. 1349 Pol. 1772 Austrian. 1918 Pol. 1939 USSR(E).

Gastein, Convention. 1865. Schleswig-Holstein divided between Prussia and Austria.

Genoa, Conference. 1922. European and Commonwealth nations can’t agree on methods to rebuild Russia. France insists on loan repayment.

Georgia. 6C BC Achaemenid. 4C BC Alexander. 65BC Rome. 330 Christian. 4-5C Sassanids, Byzantine dispute. 6C Sass. 7C Moslem. 8C 2 Kingdoms. c1000 United. 1220 Mongol(E). 14C United. 15C Turk/Persian. 1801 Russia. 1918 Independent. 1921 Soviet Republic. 1991 Independent. CIS.

Glinka, Mikhail. 1804-57. First important Russian Nationalist composer. A Life for the Czar 1836.

Gneisenau, August. 1760-1831. Prussian general vs Napoleon.

Godunov, Boris. 1551-1605. Russian czar 1598-.

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