Thebes. 1500-335BC Boeotian Greek city razed by Alexander the Great. Oedipus.

Themistocles. c523-460BC. Athenian archon, naval leader 493-480BC. Defeated Persians at Salamis, 480. Rebuilt Acropolis. Started Piraeus harbour.

Theocracy. Government by God through clergy.

Theocritus. c310-250BC. Greek originator of pastoral poetry.

Theodora. c500-48. Byzantine Empress, adviser, wife of Justinian I.

Theodoric I. -534. Frankish king of Austrasia. Son of Clovis I.

Theophrastus. c372-287BC. Greek philosopher. Led Peripatetics after Aristotle.

Thermidor, Coup of 9. 1794. French moderatism after Terror. Directory. Robespierre executed. Jacobins persecuted.

Thespis. 6C BC The founder of Greek tragedy. Created actor to dialog with chorus.

Thessaloniki. 315BC Rebuilt by Cassander. 168BC Rome...Byzantine. 42BC Independent. 8-12C Many conquerers. 904 Saracen. 1185 Norman. 1246 Byzantine. 1423 Venice. 1430 Turks. 1913 Greece.

Thibaut IV. 1201-53. Trouvère count of Champagne, Brie, King of Navarre.

Thimmonier. French tailor. First practical sewing machine 1829. Saint.

Third Coalition, War. 1805. England, Austria, Russia, Sweden beaten by France, Spain despite Trafalgar victory. Ulm. Austerlitz. Coalition.

Third Estate. Part of States General 1789. National Assembly. French Revolution.

Thirty Tyrants. 404-403BC. Ruled Athens after defeat by Sparta.

Thirty Years War. 1618-48. Protestant revolt vs Holy Roman Empire involving most European states. Peace of Westphalia. Spain, HRE lose influence; Denmark finished as power; France dominant; Sweden controls Baltic. Religious toleration. Use of muskets, canons developed.

Thistlewood, Arthur. 1774-1820. English failed Cato St Conspiracy.

Thomas Aquinas, St. 1225-74. Italian Dominican scholar. 5 Proofs of God. An eternal law governs all physical and moral behaviour. Summa Theologica. Thomism. Reconciled Aristotle’s reason with Christian faith.

Thomson, Joseph. 1856-1940. English discoverer that cathode rays are electrons 1897.

Thrace. Region of SE Balkan peninsula. c700BC Greek colonies. c512-480BC Persia. 4C BC Macedonia. 1C BC Rome...Byzantine. 7C Bulgaria(N). 1453 Ottoman. Post WWI split Turkey/Greece/Bulgaria.

Thrasybulus. -388BC. Refounded Athenian democracy 403BC after 30 Tyrants’ rule.

Three-Anti Campaign. 1951-2. Chinese communists try to eliminate fraud, mismanagement, corruption after revolution.

Three Emperors’ League. 1873-75, 1881-87. Secret Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia. For mutual peace and to isolate France.

Three Feudatories, Revolt. 1673-81. Ming generals unsuccessful revolt vs Manchu Empire.

Three Principles of the People. 1923. Sun Yat-sen: Nationalism, freedom from Imperial rule; Democracy; Livelihood.

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