Throckmorton, Francis. 1554-84. Led failed conspiracy vs Elizabeth I to restore Roman Catholicism.

Thugs. Indian religious sect suppressed by British. Killed travellers to offer to goddess Kali.

Tiananmen (Tienanmen) Square. 1989 student demonstrations for increased freedom crushed by Chinese army.

Tibet. 7C-838 Buddhist kingdom. 9C Divided. 1247 Mongol. 14C Yellow Hats established. 1642 5th Dalai Lama becomes ruler. 1715 Chinese suzerainty. 1792 Closed to foreigners. 1951 Autonomous within China. 1959 China crushes revolt. 1987~9 Riots vs Chinese rule.

Tientsin Massacre. 1870. 20 French killed. China apologizes. End of China/Western co-operation.

Tiffany, Louis. 1848-1933. US art-nouveau decorator. Colored glass works.

Tiglath-pileser III. -727BC. Assyrian king c745-. Expanded empire to Persia, Babylon.

Tigranes I. the Great. c104-55BC. King c95-. Armenia becomes strongest Eastern Roman state.

Tigris-Euphrates. SW Asian river system. Assyrian, Chaldean civilizations.

Tillich, Paul. 1886-1965. German/US Christian philosopher. Courage To Be 1952. Systematic Theology 1951-63..

Tilly, Graf von. 1559-1632. Flemish commander of Catholic League in Thirty Years War.

Tilsit, Treaties. 1807. Russia, Prussia join Continental System. Russia free to attack Finland. Prussia surrenders to Napoleon, reduced in size. France controls Central Europe. Creates Warsaw Duchy, Westphalia.

Tinchebrai, Battle. 1106. Henry I re-unifies Normandy, England.

Tintoretto. c1518-94. Venetian Mannerist painter. Sought colors of Titian with drawing of Michelangelo. Last Supper 1547. Susanna Bathing c1550.

Tiradentes. 1748-92. Led Brazilian revolt vs Portuguese.

Tirso de Molina. c1584-1648. Spanish dramatist. El Burlador de Sevilla 1635.

Tissaphernes. -395BC. Persian satrap. Allied with Sparta. Reconquered Greek cities in Asia Minor.

Titans. 12 giant children of Uranus and Gaea. Overthrown by Zeus, other gods.

Tithes. 10% tax paid to church. Implemented by Christians, 4C-9C. Enforced by law 8C; 10C England. Abolished: 1789 France, 1887 Italy, 1871 Ireland. 1836 England converted to rent and reduced; abolished 1936.

Tithonus. Prince endowed with immortality, but not eternal youth. Became grasshopper.

Titian. c1489-1576. Venetian painter of dynamic composition and brilliant color. Assumption of Virgin 1518. Charles V 1548. Rape of Europa 1562. Piéta 1576.

Tobacco. 1492 Cuba. 1493 Columbus brings to Europe. 1565 Hawkins brings to England. 1586 Raleigh brings to England.

Tocqueville, Alexis de. 1805-59. French liberal historian. Democracy in America 1835. Dangers of Democracy.

Togo. 17-19C Slave trade. 1884 German protectorate = Togoland. 1920 British(W)/ French(E) League of Nations mandate. 1957 British Togo +Gold Coast = Independent Ghana. 1960 French Togo independent = Togo.

Tojo Hideki. 1884-1948. Japanese general, Prime Minister 1941-4. Pearl Harbor. Hung for war crimes.

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