Pastry War. 1838-9. France blockades Mexico. Wins cook’s 1828 damage claims.

Pathé, Charles. 1863-1957. French film maker. First Newsreels 1909. Les Misérables 1909. Perils of Pauline 1914.

Patton, George. 1885-1945. US general. Tank warfare.

Paul, St. c10-67. Apostle, organizer of Christian religion. Travelled extensively. Pharisee, rabbi, tentmaker converted by vision, 37. Epistles. Martyred by Nero.

Pausanius. c143-76. Lydian traveller, guidebook writer. Descriptions of Greece.

Pavia, Battle. 1525. Holy Roman Empire defeats France. Madrid Treaty.

Pazzi Conspiracy. 1478. Failed attempt to depose Medicis in Florence.

Peacock Throne. Seized 1739 in Delhi by Nader Shah. Taken to Iran. Original lost.

Pedro I. 1798-1834. First Emperor of Brazil 1822-31. Declared independence from Portugal. = Pedro IV of Portugal.

Pedro II. 1825-91. Last Emperor of Brazil 1831-89. Slavery abolished by Isabel as Princess Regent, 1888, led to overthrow.

Peelites. 19C Free Trade Conservatives under Peel, Aberdeen.

Pei, I.M. 1917-. Chinese/US architect. Kennedy Airport 1960. Place Ville-Marie. Louvre Pyramid.

Peirce, Charles. 1839-1914. US philosopher. Pragmatism. -“logic is keystone of all knowledge”.

Peisistratus. -527BC. Athenian Tyrant 560BC~. Attacked Ionia. Supported external trade, arts.

Pelopidas. -364BC. Theban general. Defeated Sparta.

Peloponnesian League. 6C-366BC. Led by Sparta. Leuctra Battle.

Penfield, Wilder. 1891-1976. Canadian brain surgeon: Cerebral Cortex of Man.

Penry, John. 1559-93. Welsh Puritan executed for Marprelate Tracts.

Pentecostalism. Protestant fundamentalist mystic sects. Baptism with Holy Spirit gives supernatural gifts, speaking in tongues.

People’s Republic. Communist government by a people’s party. Democratic mandate from popular revolution. Often Totalitarian.

Pepin II. -714. Ruler of Franks 687-. United Merovingian kingdoms by defeating Neustria 687.

Pepin the Short. c714-68. First Carolingian king of France 751-. Charlemagne’s father. Donation of Pepin.

Percival. Legendary 13C knight. Found Holy Grail.

Pérez de Ayala, Ramón. 1880-1962. Spanish writer. Balarmino and Apolonio.

Pergolesi, Giovanni Battista. 1710-36. Italian opera buffa composer. La serva padrona 1733. “War of the Buffoons” Paris 1752.

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