Germany, Federal Republic of. (FRG). 1949-90 West Germany. 1955 NATO. 1990 +GDR =Germany.

Gerry, Elbridge. 1744-1814. US statesman. XYZ Affair. 1812 Gerrymandering - drawing electoral boundaries to affect the outcome of an election.

Gestalt. 1912. Psychological school of perception as an integrated whole.

Gestapo. 1933-45. Hitler’s internal secret police under Goering.

Gettysburg. 1863. Lincoln’s address given to dedicate Civil War cemetery. “Four score and seven years ago...Government of the people, by the people, for the people”.

Ghana, Ancient. Trading empire c300-1200. ≈southeast Mauritania + west Mali.

Ghazan, Mahmud. 1271-1304. Mongol Persian ruler 1295-. Made Islam state religion.

Ghaznavid. 977-1186. Turkish dynasty in Iran, Afghanistan, India.

Ghetto. Jewish area of cities, esp: 1556-1885 Rome; 1239 Valencia; 1462 Frankfurt; 1516 Venice; 1066-1291 Old Jewry, London; 1939 Warsaw.

Ghiberti, Lorenzo. c1378-1455. Florentine naturalistic sculptor and architect. John the Baptist 1414. Florence Baptistery doors 1425-50.

Gibraltar. 711 Moors. 1462 Spanis. 1704 British. Treaty of Utrecht.

Gibran, Khalil. 1883-1931. Lebanese/US philosopher, writer. The Prophet 1923.

Gideon. Biblical Israeli general vs Midianites.

Gilbert, William. 1834-1911. Librettist with Sullivan. Pirates of Penzance 1879. Mikado 1885.

Gillette, King. 1855-1932. US safety razor, blade inventor.

Giolitti, Giovanni. 1842-1928. Italian Prime Minister 1892~1921. Universal male suffrage 1912.

Giorgione. c1477-1510. Venetian painter. Tempest c1505. Madonna of Castel franco c1504.

Girardon, François. 1628-1715. French Baroque sculptor. Tomb of Richelieu 1675-7.

Girondins. 1791-3 Moderate French republicans. Tried to save king’s life. Most executed. Danton.

Giza. Pyramids. 2613-2500BC. 7 Wonder.

Gladstone, William. 1809-98. English Liberal reform Prime Minister 1868~94. Secret ballot. Public Education. Irish land reforms.

Glorious Revolution. 1688. British Protestant William and Mary depose James II. Declaration of Rights, Bill of Rights 1689.

Gluck, Christoph. 1714-87. Bohemian composer: Orpheus 1762. Developed opera as drama with music.

Gneisenau, August. 1760-1831. Prussian general vs Napoleon.

Gnosticism. 1-6C. Heretical Christian sect incorporating mysticism, dualism, Docetism.

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