Döllinger, Johann von. 1799-1890. German theologian. Opposed Papal infallibility. Excommunicated.

Dominica. Carib. 1493 Columbus discovers. 1660s French settle. 17C French, British dispute. 1805 British. 1966 Self-governing. 1978 Independent republic.

Dominican Republic. Arawak. 1492 Columbus discovers. Spain 1795 France 1801 Haiti. 1809 Sp. 1822 Haiti. 1844 Independent.

Donation of Pepin. 756. Land exchanged for Pope’s recognition. Basis of Papal States.

Donizetti, Gaetano. 1797-1848. Italian Romantic opera composer. Lucretia Borgia 1833.

Doppler, Christian. 1803-53. Austrian physicist. Effect of relative motion on frequency, 1851.

Dorians. 1100BC. Savage tribe who conquered Peloponnesus from Achaeans.

Douglas, Stephen. 1813-61. US politician. Compromise of 1850. Popular Sovereignty. Lost presidential campaign to Lincoln.

Dozsa Rebellion. 1514. Unsuccessful revolt of 100,000 Hungarian peasants vs taxes and oppression.

Dragoon, Operation. = Operation Anvil.

Dualism, Christian. Christ’s nature is human and divine. Nestor. Monophysitism. Monothelitism.

Dualism, Religious. Belief in 2 opposed deities, usually good and evil. Gnosticism.

Dühring, Karl. 1873-1921. German Positivist philosopher.

Dunant, Henri. 1828-1910. Swiss philanthropist. Founded Red Cross 1863, YMCA.

Dunkirk, Evacuation. 1940. 340,000 Allied troops from N France.

Dunlop, John. 1840-1921. Pneumatic tires for bicycles 1888, planes 1910.

Dunstan, St. 924-88. Abbott, Archbishop of Canterbury. Advised Wessex kings. Monastic reforms.

Ealdred. -1069. Anglo-Saxon archbishop of York 1060-: crowned William the Conqueror.

Eck, Johann. 1486-1543. Opposed Luther, Protestantism.

Eclecticism. 2C BC. Philosophical doctrine combining elements of various, sometimes contradictory, philosophies. Cicero.

Edmund, St. c1175-1240. Archbishop of Canterbury, 1233-. Won reforms from Henry III.

EEC. 1958 European Economic Community. European Union.

EFTA. European Free Trade Association. 1960. Free trade with EEC: Austria, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Iceland, Switzerland. Until joining EEC: Denmark, Portugal, UK.

Egmont, Graaf van. 1522-68. Flemish. Opposed Protestant persecution. Execution led to revolt vs Spain.

Eiffel Tower. 1889. 320.75m high. 1652 steps. Opened for World Exhibition, Paris.

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