Latimer, Hugh. 1485-1555. English Protestant Reformation churchman. Executed by Mary I.

Latins. Latium tribe. Includes Romans.

La Trémoille, Georges de. 1382-1446. French nobleman. Obstructed Joan of Arc.

Latvia. 9C Varangian. 1158 Teutonic Knights. 1561 Poland(S). 1629 Sweden(N). 1721 Russian(N)...1795 Russian(all). 1918 Independent republic. 1934 Ulmanis dictator. 1940 USSR. 1941-45 German occupation. 1991 Independent.

Lauderdale, John. 1616-82. Scottish statesman. Cabal Ministry. Repressive rule of Scotland.

Lausanne, Treaty. 1912. Turkey cedes Tripoli to Italy after Italo-Turkish War. 1932. Ended German WWI reparations despite US rejection.

Lawrence, James. 1781-1813. US naval commander in War of 1812. -“Don’t give up the ship!”

League of 3 Emperors. 1872. Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia for defence vs France.

League of Nations. 1920-46. Versailles. For everlasting peace. Idea of US, who did not join. Germany 1926-33. Maximum 63 nations. Failed 1931 when Japan attacked Manchuria. USSR expelled1939. Dissolved 1946. Mandates.

Leakey, Louis. 1903-72. British anthropological archeologist. With wife Mary, discovered homo habilis and other ancient humanoid fossils.

Lebanon. 25C BC Phoenicia. 6C BC Persia. 332 Alexander. 64BC Rome. 5C Byzantine. 7C Moslems, Maronite Christians. 11C Druse(S). 1516 Ottoman. 1861 Christian autonomy under Ottomans. 1920 French mandate. 1926 Republic under France. 1943 Independent republic. 1975-91 Civil war.

LeBougre, Robert. First Inquisitor of HRE, appointed by Gregory IX 1231.

Lee, Richard. 1732-94. US Continental Congressman. Opposed Constitution, advocated Bill of Rights.

Legion. Roman army unit of 4-6,000 men.

Legion of Honour. French national order instituted by Napoleon, 1802. Five ranks: Grands Croix, Grands Officiers, Commandeurs, Officiers, Chevaliers.

Leibniz, Gottfried. 1646-1716. German philosopher, mathematician. Invented differential and integral calculus1675, binary arithmetic 1703. Multiplication machine 1671.

Leipzig, Battle. 1813. Napoleon loses Germany and Poland. 500,000 troops involved.

Leisler’s Rebellon. 1689-91. NY vs Catholic officials.

Leningrad, Siege. 1941-44. By Germans. Unsuccessful. 1M died.

Leo I, St. 400-461. Pope 440-. Opposed Nestorianism, Manichaeism and other heresies.

Leo III, St. -816. Pope 795-. Crowned Charlemagne recreating Western Roman Empire.

Leonardo da Vinci. 1452-1519. Florentine painter, writer, sculptor, scientist. Prototypical Renaissance Man. Sfumato. Laws of Flight. Adoration of Magi 1479. Last Supper 1495. Mona Lisa 1503. Parachute 1480.

Leopold II. 1747-92. Holy Roman Emperor 1790-. “Enlightened despot”. Liberal reforms. Declaration of Pillnitz for absolutism.

Leopold III. 1901-83. King of Belgians 1934-51. German prisoner 1940-5. Abdicated.

Lepanto, Battle. 1571. Major Christian naval victory vs Turks, saving Cyprus.

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