Admiral Graf Spee. -1939. German battleship def by British, scuttled at Montevideo.

Admonition to Parliament. 1572. Puritans demand episcopacy abolition.

Adoptionism. 8C Christian heresy. Christ was born human, became divine after baptism.

Adrianople, Treaty. 1829. Ends Russo-Turkish War. Ottomans cede control of Greece.

Aediles. 494BC-3C AD. Minor Roman magistrates.

Aeschylus. 524-456BC. Founded Greek tragic drama. Introduced 2nd actor, reduced chorus. Prometheus Bound. Seven Against Thebes, 467.

Aetius, Flavius. -454. Roman general, defeated Attila at Catalonia, 451.

Afghanistan. c200BC Aryan. 6C BC Achaemenid. 330 Alexander...Seleucid/ Maurya. 2C BC Persia/ India/ Parthia/ Kushan. 7C Arab (NW). 750 Persia (W)/ Hindu (E). 1219 Mongol...Timurid. 1525 Mogul. 1737 Persia. 1747 Monarchy. 19 C Britain/Russia dispute 1880 British suzerainty. 1919 Independent. 1973 Marxist coup, Republic. 1978 Communist coup. 1979 Russian occupation. 1989 Mujahideen expel Russians aided by CIA. 1990s Warlords. 2001 US attack Taliban.

Afghanistan Invasion. 1979-87. Russian troops support Marxist revolutionaries.

African National Congress. ANC. 1912-. Organization for black rights in South Africa outlawed to 1990. 1994- Ruling party. Mandela.

Aga Khan. Title of leader of Ismaili Moslem sect.

Agadir Crisis. 1911. French/German crisis by German manoevres off Morocco.

Agnes, St. 4C. Roman girl martyred at 13.

Agora. Greek open-air market/meeting place.

Agricola, G. J. 40-93. Roman governor who subdued Britain.

Agricola, Johann. 1494-1566. German Protestant reformer and Antinomianist.

Agrippa, Marcus V. 63-12BC. Roman general, supported Octavian.

Agrippina. c16-59. Roman princess, who poisoned husband Claudius. Killed by son Nero.

Ahmad Shah Durrani. c1722-73. Founder, Afghanistan.

Ahriman. Zoroastrian spirit of evil.

Ahurza Mazda. Zoroastrian spirit of good.

Akhenaton (Amenhotep IV). -1362BC. Founded sun (Aton) cult in Egypt. Reigned 1379-. Amarna age.

Akkerman, Convention. 1826. Russia-Turkey. Serbia autonomous. Russian shipping rights in Turkey.

Alabama Claims. 1872. US claim damages caused by British built warships in Civil War. $15M=£3.25M awarded by arbitration.

Alamein, El, Battles of. 1942. Montgomery defeats Rommel, saving Egypt from Germans.

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