Erik the Red. Norwegian explorer, discovered Greenland c985. Established First colony.

Erse. Gaelic language of Scottish Highlands.

Escalade. December 12 celebration of Savoy’s unsuccessful last attack on Geneva, 1602.

Essex. 6C Saxon kingdom. 860 «Wessex.

Esterhazy, Ferdinand. 1847-1923. French. Sold secrets to Germans. Blamed Dreyfus.

Estonia. c1000BC Aesti. 9C- Vikings invade. 11,12C Russia, Denmark, Sweden invades. 1219 Denmark. 1346 Teutonic Knights buy. 16C Sweden/Poland/Denmark divide. 17C Sweden. 1721 Russian. 1918 Independent. 1919-33 Unstable governments. 1924 Failed Bolshevik revolution. 1934 Päts coup. 1940 USSR. 1991 Independent.

Etaples, Treaty. 1492. England renounces claim to France, except Calais.

Ethelbert. 552-616. King of Kent 560-. First Christian Anglo-Saxon king. first extant A-S law code.

Eucken, Rudolf. 1846-1926. German philosopher: personal ethics are more important than intellectual idealism.

Euclid. c300BC. Greek mathematician. Discovered plane geometry. Elements.

Eudoxus of Cnidus. c400-350BC. Greek astronomer. Explained movement of sun, moon, planets.

Euric. Visigoth king 466-484. First Visigoth law code.

Europe, Council of. 1949-. To protect common heritage, human rights and harmonize legislation by replacing bilateral treaties.

European Parliament. 1958 Assembly. 1979 Legislature. 1993 Legislative Assembly of European Union.

European Union. 1958 European Economic Community (EEC) of Belgium, France, W Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands. To integrate economic development of members. 1967 =European Community (EC). 1973 +UK, Ireland, Denmark. 1981+Greece. 1985 -Greenland. 1986 +Spain, Portugal. 1990 +former E Germany. 1993 =European Union (EU). Maastricht Treaty. European Parliament. European Court of Justice.

Euterpe. Greek Muse of tragedy and flute playing.

Executive Branch. Department of US government which carries out laws, under supervision of President.

Exodus. 13C BC. Jews escape Egyptian slavery. Moses. Ten Commandments.

Expressionism. 20C Simplified style of modern art expressing emotions with color and distortion. Munch. Toulouse-Lautrec. Van Gogh. Gauguin. Roualt.

Fabian Society. 1883. English non-revolutionary socialist movement. Founded Labour Party. Shaw.

Fabius, Quintus. -203BC. Consul. Saved Rome from Hannibal by delaying battles, allowing army to recover 218-.

Factory Acts. England. 1802 Apprentices 12 hr day. 1819 Minimum age 9. 1833. Limited child labour to 8 hours and education required 1844 Women, children 10 hr max. 1842 No women/children in mines. 1920 Minimum age 14. US 1844 Women 12 hr max. 1874 Women/children 10 hr max.

Fair Labor Standards Act. 1938. US fixes minimum wage(25¢/hr), child labor laws, 44hr week.

Faisal I. 1885-1933. Self proclaimed king of Syria 1920. Deposed. King of Iraq 1921-.

Faisal II. 1935-58. Pro-western last Iraqi king 1939-. Killed in coup.

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