Eleanor of Aquitaine. Divorced from Louis VII 1152 after accompanying him on Second Crusade. Married Henry II of England, bringing Aquitaine under English crown...Angevin Empire. Mother of Richard I. Led 1173 revolt vs husband, Henry II.

Eliot, George. (Mary Ann Evans). 1819-90. English psychological novelist: Adam Bede 1859; Silas Marner 1861. Translated Strauss.

Eliot, T.S. 1888-1965. US/English modernist poet, playwright. Prufrock 1910. Ash Wednesday 1930. Murder in the Cathedral 1935.

Elizabeth I. 1533-1603. Queen of England, 1558-. Stable, prosperous reign of literature and art. Restored Protestantism. Supported them abroad.

Élysée Palace. 1718. Site of Napoleon’s abdication 1815. French president’s residence since 1873.

Elzevir. 16-18C. Family of Dutch printers of classics.

Emancipation Act. 1833. Freed slaves in British Empire.

Emancipation Edict. 1861. Freed Russian serfs. Gave land allotment, paid by loans.

Emancipation Proclamation. 1863. Lincoln frees all slaves in Confederacy.

Embla. First woman in Norse mythology. Ask.

Emir. Moslem commander or governor.

Empire. Style of Art. 1804-14. Classical heroic grandiose trend from Napoleon’s court. Arc de Triomphe, 1806.

Enclosure. Land divided, fenced for better yield, causing hardships for smaller farmers, peasants. English 15-16, 18-19C, Europe 18-20C.

Encomienda. 16-18C Spanish system of Indian forced labour.

Encyclopédists. 1751-72. Group who wrote encyclopaedia under Diderot. Voltaire, Helvetius, D’Alembert. As sceptics, they popularized social ideas which led to the French Revolution.

England. c1800BC Beaker folk. 8C BC Celt. 150BC Belgae. 55BC-407 Rome. 5C Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy. 9C Dane(N,E). 10C A-S/Dane. 1042 Anglo-Saxon. 1066 Norman. 1204 -Normandy. 1707 Great Britain. 1801 United Kingdom.

Enlightenment. 17-18C. Intellectual movement. Rationalism, natural laws vs dogma, authority. J-J Rousseau. Smith. Mendlessohn. Fontenelle. Voltaire. Montesquieu. Hume. Berkeley. Sturm und Drang.

Enola Gay. US plane which dropped H-bomb on Hiroshima, 1945.

Enver Pasha. 1881-1922. Young Turk leader. Revolt, 1908. WWI. Ruled with Triumvirate. 1913-18. Talât Pasha.

Epaminondas. c410-362BC. Thebian general, statesman. Defeated Sparta at Leuctra. Permanently changed balance of power.

Épée, Abbé de l’. 1712-89. French educator of deaf-mutes. Natural sign language.

Ephesus, Council. 431. Nestor debates Cyril. Monophysitism adopted.

Epictetus. 1 C. Stoic ex-slave, philosopher.

Erechtheus. King, raised by Athena. First temple on Athens Acropolis. Later deified.

Erfurt Parliament. 1850. Austrian opposition causes withdrawal of Prussian plan for German Unification.

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