Pan-Slavism. 19C Slavic unity movement. Caused Russo-Turkish War 1877.

Panay Incident. 1937. Japanese sink US gunboat in China. US restraint exemplified isolationism.

Pangkor Engagement. 1874. Treaty with Perak established British rule in Malaya.

Pannonia. c35BC Roman province. Hungary, Austria, north Yugoslavia, Slovakia.

Pantagruel. Rabelais giant.

Paphlagonia. Lydia. Persia. 333BC Alexander. 2C BC Pontus. 65BC Rome.

Paraguayan War. 1864-70. Paraguay decimated by Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay. Reduced population from 525K to 193K women and 28K men.

Paramountcy, Doctrine of. 19C. British East India Company claims right to intervene if any state is misgoverned.

Paré, Ambroise. 1510-90. Father of modern surgery. -“I apply the dressing. God heals the wound.” Invented articulating artificial limbs 1540.

Paris, Treaties. 1229 Ends Albigensian Crusade. Louis gains Toulouse. 1327. England loses territory to France. 1763 Ends Seven Years War. Britain gets French holdings in Canada. Spain gets American territory. 1783 Ends American Revolution. US borders fixed. 1814 Ends Napoleonic Wars, restoring 1792 borders. Napoleon exiled to Elba. 1815 Ends Hundred Days. 1790 borders, reparations. Napoleon to St. Helena. 1856 Ends Crimean War. Black Sea neutral. Regulated Laws of High Seas. 1898 Ends Spanish American War. Spain cedes Cuba, Philippines, Puerto Rico to US. 1947. Settled European borders after WWII.

Parliament. British Monarch, House of Lords and Commons. 1295 Model Parliament. 1688 Glorious Revolution. 1911 Parliament Act. Curia Regis. Name of legislatures of most former British colonies.

Parmenides. 5C BC. Eleatic philosopher. Everything is an illusion. Mind creates the illusion of matter and motion. All is appearance of singular eternal reality.

Parnassians. 1867-99. French detached anti-Romantic poetry school. Leconte de Lisle. Sully-Prudhomme. Verlaine. Gautier. Baudelaire.

Parnell, Charles. 1846-91. Irish nationalist. Founded Land League.

Páros. Greek island source of white marble. Parthenon.

Parr, Catherine. 1512-48. Sixth and last wife of Henry VIII.

Parson’s Cause. 1755,58 Salary dispute of Anglican ministers in Virginia based on inflation of tobacco prices.

Partisans. Armed resistance in occupied territory. Yugoslav resistance under Tito, 1941-5.

Pascal, Blaise. 1623-62. French mathematician, Jansenist philosopher, physician. Calculator 1642.Barometer 1646. Syringe 1648. Hydraulics. Probability 1654. Pensées 1670.

Pasic, Nikola. 1845-1926. Serbian radical. First Yugoslav Prime Minister 1921-.

Passy, Frédéric. 1822-1912. French founder of International League for Permanent Peace 1867. First

Pasternak, Boris. 1890-1960. Russian writer. Dr. Zhivago 1957. (forced to decline).

Pastry War. 1838-9. France blockades Mexico. Wins cook’s 1828 damage claims.

Patel, Vallabhbhai. 1875-1950. Indian nationalist with Gandhi.

Paterson, William. 1658-1719. Scottish. Founded Bank of England 1694. Darien Scheme.

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