Granados, Enrique. 1867-1916. Spanish Nationalist composer. 7 Operas. Set of Tonadillas. Dances. Goyescas 1911-13.

Grand Alliance, War of. 1689-97. Spain, Sweden, England, Holy Roman Empire, Netherlands vs French expansionism. Negotiated Peace. King William’s War. Namur. Augsburg League.

Grand Palais. Built for 1900 World Exhibition in Paris.

Grandfather Clause. -1915. S US states limited vote to those enfranchised by 1866/7.

Gratian. Italian monk. Codified canon Law. Decretum Gratiani c1142.

Grattan, Henry. 1746-1820. Irish independence leader. Irish Parliament 1782. Poyning’s Law repeal movement.

Graves, Robert. 1895-1985. English poet and novelist. I, Claudius 1934.

Great Britain. 1707 Kingdom of England, Scotland, Wales. United Kingdom. Act of Union.

Greek Fire. 648. Byzantine secret weapon. Flammable substance that ignited on contact with water invented by Callinicus of Heliopolis.

Greek Independence, War. 1821-29. Greek rebels, plus England, France, Russia defeat Turkey and Egypt. London Treaty. Otto I. Constantinople Treaty, 1832....End of Holy Alliance.

Greek Project. 1782. Abandoned plan of Catherine the Great to conquer Ottoman Empire.

Greeley, Horace. 1811-72. US founder of New Yorker, NY Tribune. Slavery critic. -“Go west, young man!”

Green Revolution. 20C. Increased food production in developing countries based on new plant breeds. Borlaug.

Greenland. 986-1482 Scandinavian. colony. 1721 Denmark. 1979 Home rule.

Gregorian Calendar. 1582. 11 Day correction and addition of non-leap centuries to Julian Calendar. Adopted 1752 England, 1918 Russia.

Gregory I, St. Benedictine Pope 590-604. Developed Plainsong, Gregorian chant. Sent Augustine to Canterbury.

Gregory VII (Hildebrand), St. 1020-85. Pope 1073-. Condemned lay investiture 1075. Henry IV appoints Anti-Pope Clement III, attacked Rome, 1081-3.

Grenville, William. 1759-1834. British statesman. Ministry of All Talents 1806-7. Abolished Slave Trade, 1807.

Gresham, Thomas. 1519-79. English founder of Stock Exchange 1560. Gresham’s Law-“Bad money drives out good” (mistakenly attributed).

Gretna Green. 1754-1940. Scottish border village popular for runaway marriages.

Grey, Lady Jane. 1537-54. English Queen for 9 days, 1553. Executed.

Grillparzer, Franz. 1791-1872. Austrian playwright. The Ancestress 1817. Sappho 1818.

Griselda. Italian wife whose patience was tested by her husband, without complaint.

Gropius, Walter. 1883-1969. German architect. Bauhaus director. Modern horizontal buildings, glass walls.

Grosz, George. 1893-1959. German satirical artist/caricaturist. Pillars of Society.

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