Sand, George (Aurore Dupin). 1804-76. French writer. Lélia 1833. Mauprat 1837.

Sansculottes. 1793-4. Radical French Revolutionaries. Demanded action of Convention vs counterrevolution. Terror.

Santa Fe Trail. 1820-80. Major migration route from Missouri to New Mexico.

Santander, Francisco. 1792-1840. Ally of Bolivar. President of New Granada 1833-7.

Sardinia. 6C BC Carthage. 238BC Rome. 435 Vandal. 534 Byzantine Empire. 10C Saracen. 1016 Pisa. 1189 Hohenstaufen +Piedmont. 1326 Aragon. 1713 Austria. 1720 Savoy Kingdom. 1796 France. 1815 +Genoa. 1861 Italy. Sardinian Victor-Emmanuel became king of Italy.

Sardou, Victorien. 1831-1908. French dramatist. La Tosca. A Scrap of Paper 1860.

Sartre, Jean-Paul. 1905-80. French existentialist philosopher: L’Etre et le Néant 1943. Social responsibility of freedom. (refused).

Satie, Erik. 1866-1925. Modern French Impressionist, Neoclassical composer.

Sauvage, Nicolas. French. Invented cabriolet taxi 1660.

Savigny, Friedrich von. 1779-1861. German jurist, historian of Roman and medieval law. Modern system of civil law.

Savonnerie. 1604-1826. Royal French carpet makers incorporated into Gobelins.

Savoy. 1034- Noble dynasty of France, Switzerland. Italian kings 1861-1946.

Savoy. 1048 Duchy founded by Humbert I. 1056 +Piedmont. 1720 +Sardinia -Sicily = Kingdom of Sardinia. 1792 French. 1814 Sardinia. 1815 +Genoa. 1860 France.

Sax, Antoine. 1814-94. French inventor of saxophone 1846.

Saxe, Maurice, comte de. 1696-1750. French commander, War of Austrian Succession.

Saxons. 5C. Germanic people colonized France, England. 8C Widerkind defeated by Charlemagne on continent.

Saxony. 843 «East Frankish Kingdom. 919-1024 Ruled HRE. 1180 Divided. 1697 Elector (King) of Poland. 1785 Fürstenbund. 1806 Napoleon creates Kingdom. 1815 Half to Prussia. 1815 German Confederation. 1835 Zollverein. 1867 North German Confederation. 1871 German Empire. 1918 Abolished monarchy. 1920 Republic. 1933 Germany.

Scaevola, Gaius. Legendary hero. Saved Rome from Etruscans c509BC.

Scaliger, Julius Caesar. 1484-1558. Italian/French classical scholar. “Father” of literary criticism. Poetics 1561.

Scarron, Paul. 1610-60. French dramatist, novelist. Le Roman Comique 1651-9.

Schelling, Friedrich. 1775-1854. German Idealist philosopher. -’artist is superior to thinker’.

Schiller, Friedrich. 1759-1805. German Romantic writer of historical dramas and lyric poetry. Popularized William Tell 1804. -“inner direction” Wallenstein 1800.

Schlegel, Friedrich von. 1772-1829. German Romantic critic.

Schleiermacher, Friedrich. 1768-1834. German Protestant theologian.

Schlieffen Plan. 1905 German military strategy to conquer France. Failed in WWI but succeeded in WWII.

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