Renan, Ernest. 1823-92. French writer: Future of Science, Origins of Christianity. Life of Jesus 1863.

Republic. Government vesting power in representatives who govern for the good of the people.

Restitution, Edict. 1629. HRE restores lands to Roman Catholic Church taken by Protestants since 1552.

Restoration. 1660. English Monarchy reinstated following Protectorate. 1791 French Revolutionary Wars.

Restoration Period. England 1660-88. Charles II, James II. France 1814~30. Louis XVIII, Charles X.

Revolutions of 1848. Vienna, Prague, Venice. Romanticism, economic problems, bad harvest, unrest within Austrian Empire led to concessions, abdication of Emperor Ferdinand I.

Rhineland. German Rhine bank. Hitler defied Treaty of Versailles by militarizing area 1936.

Rhys, Ernest. 1859-1946. Welsh writer. Edited 983-volume Everyman’s Library series 1906-.

Richardson, Samuel. 1689-1761. English novelist using personal letters. Influenced novel form: Pamela 1740 Clarissa 1747 (at 1M words, the longest English novel).

Ridley, Nicholas. c1500-55. English Protestant bishop. Supported Lady Jane Grey. Executed.

Rights, Bill of. 1689. Established power of British Parliament over taxes, laws, army. Protestant Succession. William and Mary.

Rijswijk, Treaty. 1697. Ended War of Grand Alliance. William III acknowledged. Territories restored.

Rimsky-Korsakov, Nicolai. 1844-1908. Russian Nationalist composer/orchestrator: Scheherezade 1888. Operas.

Rochester, 2nd Earl. 1647-80. English satiric poet. History of Insipids 1676. Maim’d Debauchée.

Rogers, John. 1500-55. English Protestant martyr. Published forerunner of King James Bible.

Roman Catholic Church. 30-. Branch of Christianity recognizing Pope as successor to St Peter. East-West Schism. Eastern Orthodoxy. Protestantism.

Roman Empire. 27BC Augustus. 395 Split into Empire of the West and Eastern Roman Empire =Byzantine Empire. Rome.

Roman Question. 1861-1929. Italy vs Papacy over control of Rome. Lateran Treaty.

Rome. 753BC Legendary founding by Romulus and Remus. 616BC Etruscan. 509BC Roman Republic. 27BC Roman Empire. 248 Empire of the West. 395 Byzantine Empire. 410 Visigoths sack Rome. 476 Romulus Augustulus deposed. 493 Ostrogoth. 535 Byzantine. 774 Charlemagne’s Empire of the West. 962 Holy Roman Empire. 11C Norman. 12C Hohenstaufen. 1848 Republic. 1849 Papal States. 1870 Italy. 1929 -Vatican.

Rome, Treaty of. 1957. Established EEC, Atomic Energy policy.

Romulus Augustulus. Last Roman Emperor of the West 475-6.

R101. 1930. British airship, world’s largest, crashed in France.

Rorschach, Hermann. 1884-1922. Swiss psychiatrist. Ink blot test 1921.

Round Table Conference. 1930-32. Established federal system, provincial autonomy in India; not implemented.

Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. 1712-78. Swiss Enlightenment philosopher and writer. Began Romantic Movement. Stimulated French and American Revolutions. On Equality 1753. Social Contract 1762 influenced French Revolution (offended authorities), Confessions 1782. Man is prevented from being free only by society and cold science. Goodness and bounty of nature. Goodness of man. Advocates direct democracy at City-State level and dictatorship above. Sovereignty rests with people. General will aims at best for all.

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