Hypatia. c370-415. Alexandrian Neoplatonic philosopher. Murdered by St. Cyril and monks. Decline of Alexandria as learning center.

Hypermestra. Only daughter of Danaus who didn’t kill husband. Danaïdes.

Hywell the Good. -950. Welsh king 910-. Law code.

I Am. 1934-. US religious movement founded by Ballard.

Iamblichus. c250-330. Syrian NeoPlatonist philosopher. Theurgy replaces spiritual mysticism. De Mysteriis.

Ibn Sa’ud. 1880-1953. Conqueror and king of Riyad 1902-, + Najd, Hasa, Asir, Hejaz; united as Saudi Arabia 1932-. Ended tribal wars. First oil wells 1933.

Ibn Tumart. c1080-1130. Berber leader. Demanded moral reform. Founded Almohad Confederation.

Iceland. 9C Irish discover. 870 Norway colonized. 930 Althing. 1262 Norway. 1380 Denmark 1904 Home rule. 1918 Sovereignty. 1944 Republic.

ICFTU. International Confederation of Free Trade Unions. 1949. Split from WFTU. Represents 70M workers in 89 countries. IFTU.

Idealism. Artistic school of thought holding the aesthetic ideal more important than the representation of the subject. vs Realism.

Idealism, Ethical. Moral and intellectual ideals are superior to materialistic concerns.

Idealism, German. 18C. Pre-Romantic movement.

Idealism, Philosophical. Reality is a consciousness of abstract laws vs sensory-based Materialism.

Ides of March. (March 15th). Day on which Caesar was assassinated.

IFTU. 1901-40. International Federation of Trade Unions. WFTU 1945.

Igor. 1151-1202. Russian prince defeated by Polotsy. Hero of literature.

Iguala, Plan de. 1821. Stated 3 objectives of Mexican Independence movement. Ignored by issuer, Iturbide, when he became Emperor.

Ile de la Cité, Paris. Originally Lutetia 250BC. Renamed by Clovis, 506, when he made it his capital.

Ili Crisis. 1871-81. Russia invades Chinese Ili province.

Illyrian Wars. 229BC~219BC. Romans defeat Illyrian pirates. Greeks recognize Romans as civilized, admit them to games.

Imagists. 1912-. Poets eschew sentimentality for precision and imagery. Pound. Lawrence. Lowell.

Immortals. Name given to members of Académie Française.

Impressionism. 1867-86. European art movement named 1874 for Monet’s Impression Sunrise. Direct from nature with colors to render surfaces and lighting effects. Rejected primacy of subject. Renoir, Pissarro, Degas, Cezanne, Manet. Music: 1892-1910. Restraint and ambiguity. Mood music. Debussy.

Inauguration Day. Jan 20. US president takes office after election.

Income Tax. Britain: 1193 Walter to ransom Richard I. 1799-1815 To finance war vs Napoleon. 10% over £200; 1842 Peel 3%. US: 1862-72 3% over $800 (5% if outside US); 1913 over $3000 only.

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