English Civil War. 1642-9. King vs Parliament. Charles beheaded. Monarchy abolished. Commonwealth. Cromwell. Covenanters.

Enlightenment. 17-18C. Intellectual movement. Rationalism, natural laws vs dogma, authority. J-J Rousseau. Smith. Mendlessohn. Fontenelle. Voltaire. Montesquieu. Hume. Berkeley. Sturm und Drang.

Enoch. Eldest son of Cain.

Entebbe. Uganda airport. Site of 1976 hijacking ended by Israeli commandos.

Entente Cordiale. 1904. Anglo-French agreement. Defined spheres of influence in Africa and Pacific allowing co-operation vs Germany.

Enver Pasha. 1881-1922. Young Turk leader. Revolt, 1908. WWI. Ruled with Triumvirate. 1913-18. Talât Pasha.

Eos. Greek Goddess of dawn. = Aurora.

Epaminondas. c410-362BC. Thebian general, statesman. Defeated Sparta at Leuctra. Permanently changed balance of power.

Épée, Abbé de l’. 1712-89. French educator of deaf-mutes. Natural sign language.

Ephesus. Major Greek, Roman city now in Turkey. 133 Bequeathed to Rome by Attale. 263 Goths sacked Temple of Artemis, 7 wonder.

Ephesus, Council. 431. Nestor debates Cyril. Monophysitism adopted.

Ephraim. Son of Joseph. Founded one of 12 Tribes of Israel.

Epicurus. c341-270BC. Greek Philospher. Founded Epicureanism. Maximum pleasure attained through moderation.

Epirus. 3-2C BC. Powerful Greek country under King Pyrrhus.

Epoch of Civil War. 1863-80. Colombian liberals vs conservatives. Núñez forms coalition.

Equatorial Guinea. 10-15C Bubi. 1469 Portugal. 1778 Spain 1827 British base. 1843 Spain. 1964 Self-government. 1968 Independent.

Erasmus, Desiderius. c1466-1536. Dutch Humanist ecclesiastic reform writer. Published first New Testament based on Greek, 1516. Reason over ignorance and superstition. Opposed Luther. Praise of Folly. Enchiridion: Christ requires of us nothing but a pure and sincere life.

Erebus. Area of Greek underworld. Personified as son of Chaos.

Erechtheum. 5C BC. Ionic temple on Athenian acropolis.

Erechtheus. King, raised by Athena. First temple on Athens Acropolis. Later deified.

Eretria. Greek city. Destroyed 490BC by Persia.

Ericsson, John. 1803-89. Swedish/US. Invented screw propeller, designed Monitor.

Erik IX. -1160. King 1150-, Patron Saint of Sweden. Killed trying to convert Finns.

Erinyes. Greek goddesses of vengeance. =Furies.

Eritrea. 2-9C Aksumite (Ethiopian) Empire. 16C Ottoman. 17-19C Dispute. 1889 Italy. 1941 Britain. 1952 Autonomous within Ethiopian Empire. 1962 Ethiopian province. 1993 Independent.

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