Errs. Greek goddess of discord. Threw the apple that led to the Trojan War.

Erté, Roman. 1892-1990. Russian/French Art Deco artist.

Escalade. December 12 celebration of Savoy’s unsuccessful last attack on Geneva, 1602.

Essex, Earl of. (Robert Devereux). 1567-1601. Favourite of Elizabeth I. Executed.

Estonia. c1000BC Aesti. 9C- Vikings invade. 11,12C Russia, Denmark, Sweden invades. 1219 Denmark. 1346 Teutonic Knights buy. 16C Sweden/Poland/Denmark divide. 17C Sweden. 1721 Russian. 1918 Independent. 1919-33 Unstable governments. 1924 Failed Bolshevik revolution. 1934 Päts coup. 1940 USSR. 1991 Independent.

Ethelbert. 552-616. King of Kent 560-. First Christian Anglo-Saxon king. first extant A-S law code.

Ethelred the Unready. c968-1016. King of English 978-. Unable to defend against Danish raids. Drove them out, 1015.

Ethiopia. c1000BC Semite. 1C Aksumite Kingdom. 10C Zagwe dynasty. 1270 Solomonic dynasty. 17C Divided. 1855 Re-united. 1935 Italy (Italian East Africa). 1941 Independent. 1952 +Eritrea. 1974 Coup, Republic. 1993 -Eritrea.

Etruscans. Asian people in Tuscany 8C BC. Taken by Rome, 4-3C BC. Skilful metal workers. Strong navy, merchant traders. Tarquins.

Eucken, Rudolf. 1846-1926. German philosopher: personal ethics are more important than intellectual idealism.

Eudes. 860-98. King of France in 888. Defended Paris against the Norse in 885.

Eugène of Savoy, Prince. 1663-1736. French General of H.R. Imperial armies. Defeated Turks in Vienna and Hungary.

Euric. Visigoth king 466-484. First Visigoth law code.

Euripides. c480-406BC. Greek tragic poet, sceptical of myths. Medea 431. Iphegenia. Electra.

European Defence Community. 1950-54. Failed attempt at continental army.

European Union. 1958 European Economic Community (EEC) of Belgium, France, W Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands. To integrate economic development of members. 1967 =European Community (EC). 1973 +UK, Ireland, Denmark. 1981+Greece. 1985 -Greenland. 1986 +Spain, Portugal. 1990 +former E Germany. 1993 =European Union (EU). Maastricht Treaty. European Parliament. European Court of Justice.

Eurydice. Wife of Orpheus, almost rescued from Hades.

Euzkadi. 1936-7. Independent Basque rep. Guernica.

Eve. Biblical first woman. Wife of Adam. Ate forbidden apple, expelled from Garden of Eden.

Evesham, Battle. 1265. Montfort defeated and killed. End of Barons War.

Evinrude, Ole. 1877-1934. US outboard motor inventor, 1909.

Executive Branch. Department of US government which carries out laws, under supervision of President.

Existentialism. Philosophy. Existence is concrete. Man has choice. Responsibility, freedom. Anti-conformism. Kierkegaard. Sartre. Heidegger.

Expressionism. 20C Simplified style of modern art expressing emotions with color and distortion. Munch. Toulouse-Lautrec. Van Gogh. Gauguin. Roualt.

Eyck, Jan van. c1389-1441. Flemish realist painter. Ghent altarpiece 1432. Developed use of oils.

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