Hamsun, Knut. 1859-1952. Norwegian modernist writer. Hunger 1890.

Hancock, John. 1737-93. American revolutionary. First signer of Declaration of Independence.

Hanseatic League. 1241-1669. Confederation of N German towns. Dominated N European trade 13-15C.

Hanson, John. 1721-83. American revolutionary. US. ’president’ 1781-2 under Articles of Confederation.

Harriman, W. Averell. 1891-1986. US negotiator of Nuclear Test Ban Treaty 1963.

Harris, Joel. 1848-1908. US author: Brer Rabbit, Uncle Remus stories. Tar-Baby 1904.

Hauptman, Gerhart. 1862-1946. Polish/German poet and writer. The Weavers 1892.

Haydn, Joseph. 1732-1809. Austrian Classical composer. Father of modern symphony and string quartet. Solomon Symphony 1791-5. English Symphony 1794. Seasons 1801.

Hegel, G.W.F. 1770-1831. German Idealist philosopher: Dialectical Reasoning: thesis vs antithesis = synthesis. Dialectical Materialism. “Universe is evolving from first cause toward self awareness and freedom. In man, God becomes aware of Himself”. Phenomenology 1806. Encyclopedia of Philosophy 1817. Philosophy of History 1830.

Heliopolis. 1800. Egyptian battle. Kléber defeats Mameluks. Original site of Cleopatra’s Needles.

Hellenic Art. 1500-300BC. Prehistoric, Archaic, and Classical periods in Greece.

Hellenic League. 338~322BC. Philip of Macedonia. All Greek city-states except Sparta.

Helots. Spartan slave class. Rebelled 464BC.

Helvétius, Claude-Adrien. 1715-71. French Materialist philosopher. All actions based on self-interest. De l’ésprit 1758.

Hemingway, Ernest. 1898-1961. US novelist: Fairwell to Arms 1929. For Whom the Bell Tolls 1940. Old Man and the Sea 1952. Style:“A stream with stones of nouns and a surface of prepositional ripples” -L. Morrow.

Henderson, Arthur. 1863-1935. British organizer of Labour Party.

Henrican Articles. 1573. Limited authority of Polish kings.

Henry IV. 1050-1106. Holy Roman Emperor, 1056-. Civil War. Struggles with Gregory VII led to excommunication. Worms Synod. Clement III.

Henry V. 1387-1422. King of England 1413-. Claimed France. Victor at Agincourt. Treaty of Troyes.

Henry VIII. 1491-1547. King of England 1509-. Executed Thomas More. Established Church of England. Dissolved monasteries. Six wives: Catherine of Aragon, Anne Boleyn, Jane Seymour, Anne of Cleves, Catherine Howard, Catherine Parr.

Hepplewhite, George. -1786. English Neoclassical furniture designer.

Heraclea. 280BC. “Pyrrhic” victory over Romans.

Heracleitus. c540-480BC. Greek philosopher. ’The only permanent thing is change.’ Fire is basis of matter.

Heracles. Son of Zeus, noted for his twelve labours. =Hercules.

Hercules. Roman hero = Greek Heracles.

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