Gide, André. 1869-1951. French writer. The Counterfeiters 1926.

Gilbert, Cass. 1859-1934. US architect: Woolworth Building 1908-13.

Giorgione. c1477-1510. Venetian painter. Tempest c1505. Madonna of Castel franco c1504.

Giotto. c1266-1337. Florentine fresco painter. First to abandon Byzantine style. Arena Chapel frescoes 1305. Madonna and Child c1314.

Girardon, François. 1628-1715. French Baroque sculptor. Tomb of Richelieu 1675-7.

Girondins. 1791-3 Moderate French republicans. Tried to save king’s life. Most executed. Danton.

Giscard d’Éstaing, Valéry. 1926-. French UDF President 1974-81.

Giulio Romano. 1492-1546. Italian Mannerist painter, architect. Palazzo del Te 1525/6.

Glasnost. Openness. Gorbachev’s policy to promote freedom of expression, reduce secrecy.

Gloire. 1859. French. World’s first armour-plated vessel.

Gluck, Christoph. 1714-87. Bohemian composer: Orpheus 1762. Developed opera as drama with music.

Gnosticism. 1-6C. Heretical Christian sect incorporating mysticism, dualism, Docetism.

Gobelins Tapestry Works. 1440. Established by Jehan Gobelin. Colbert reorganized 1662. Louis XIV sumptuous style. Le Brun. Versailles interiors.

God. Christian, Judaic, Islamic supreme being. Infinite, omniscient, benevolent creator.

Gödel, Kurt. 1906-78. Czech/US logician. Theorem, 1931, asserts that no logical system can prove all its own propositions.

Godwin, William. 1756-1836. English atheist philosopher, author. Anarchism. Cooperation is evil. Things as they Are 1794.

Gold Coast. 1481 Portugal. 1642 Dutch. 1874 Britain. 1957 Independent +British Togoland = Ghana.

Gold Standard. 1821-1937. Definition of national currencies in terms of gold purchasing power. Ended: 1931 Britain, 1933 USA, 1936 France. Friedman. Bretton Woods.

Golden Bull. 1356. Charles IV edict eliminating papal power in selection of Holy Roman Emperor.

Golden Fleece. Greek myth. Chrysomallus’ fleece taken by Jason.

Golden Spurs, Battle. 1302. Courtrai, Belgium. Flemish craftsmen defeat French troops.

Goldman, Emma. 1869-1940. Russian/US anarchist. Deported from US, 1919.

Gonçalves, Nuno. 15C. Founded Portugal school of painting. Sao Vicente altarpiece.

Goncourt, Edmond. 1822-96. French novelist. Renée Mauperin. Created Goncourt literature prize.

Goodyear, Charles. 1800-60. US. Vulcanized rubber, 1839.

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