Macedonia. Greek tribes. 700BC united. 490 Persia. 479 Independent. 359 Philip. 336 Empire. Alexander. 168BC Rome...395 Byzantine Empire 6C Slav. 9C Bulgar. 11C Byzantine. 14C Ottoman. 1878 Independent. 1879 Ottoman. 1913 Greece/ Bulgaria/ Serbia. 1929 Yugoslavia. 1991 Independent.

Macedonian Wars. 214~148BC. 4 Wars vs Rome reduced Macedonia to Roman province.

Macedonianism. 360. Christian heresy. Holy Ghost subordinate to Father and Son.

Mach, Ernest. 1838-1916. Founded Scientific Positivism 1905. Relates physics and psychology. Vienna Circle.

Machado de Assis, Joaquim. 1839-1908. Brazilian writer. Small Winner 1881.

Machaut, Guillaume de. c1300-77. French composer of secular and church music in Ars Nova style.

Machiavelli, Niccolo. 1469-1527. Florentine amoral cynic, statesman, historian and writer. The Prince 1513. -“End justifies the means”. -“Appear virtuous, act to maintain power”.

Machu Picchu. c800 Inca city in Andes.

Mackenzie, Alexander. c1764-1820. Scottish/Canadian explorer. First transcontinental journey 1793.

Mackenzie, William Lyon. 1795-1861. Led failed revolt vs Family Compact in Upper Canada 1837.

MacLennan, Hugh. 1907-90. Canadian writer of social + political conflict. Two Solitudes 1945. The Watch that Ends the Night 1959.

MacLeod, J.J.R. 1876-1935. Scotland. Discovered insulin with Banting, Best.

MacMillan, Harold. 1894-1986. British Conservative Prime Minister 1957-63.

Macquarie, Lachlan. 1761-1824. Scottish governor of New South Wales 1809-21. Public works; currency 1813; bank 1817.

Mad Parliament. 1258. Barons give financial aid to Henry III in exchange for reform. Oxford Provisions.

Madeira. 1418 Portugal discovers. 1580 Spanish. 1640 Portugal.

Madras Mutiny. 1809. European officers vs British East India Co.

Madrid, Treaty. 1526. Charles V, Francis I truce in Italian Wars. 1670. Spain cedes Jamaica to Britain.

Maerlant, Jacob van. 1225-91. Flemish didactic poet. Spiegel Historiael 1282-91.

Maeterlinck, Maurice. 1862-1949. Belgian Symbolist poet/playwright. Pelléas et Mélisande 1892.

Mafia. Cosa Nostra. 13C-. Sicilian crime organization.

Magdeburg. 1631. German republic destroyed by Tilly in Thirty Years War.

Magdelanian. ~15-9C BC. Late paleolithic period.

Magellan, Ferdinand. c1480-1521 Portuguese navigator. Died leading first circumnavigation of the world. Discovered Straits of Magellan 1520.

Magenta, Battle. 1859. France, Piedmont defeat Austria creating Italian Unity. Carnage led to founding of Red Cross. Eponymous dye discovered 1859.

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