Magi. Persian priest caste. Caspar, Melchior, Belthazar bore gifts to Jesus.

Maginot. André. 1877-1932. French statesman. Built line of fortifications in the east of France 1928-38, leaving French overconfident vs German threat.

Magliabechi, Antonio. 1633-1714. Italian Medici librarian.

Magna Carta. 1215. British charter of rights, confirming ancient liberties, forced on King John at Runnymede. Habeas Corpus.

Magnus I. The Good. 1024-47. King of Norway 1035-, Denmark 1042-, uniting them. Failed in claim to England.

Magnus VI. 1238-80. Norwegian king 1263-. Law system.

Magritte, René. 1898-1967. Belgian Surrealist painter. Ceci n’est pas un pipe 1948. Castle of the Pyrenees 1962.

Mahabharata. 400BC-200 AD. Sanskrit historical and Hindu religious epic. Ramayana.

Mahan, Alfred. 1840-1914. US naval officer/historian. Influence of Sea Power on History.

Mahavira, Vardhamana. 599-527BC. Indian founder of Jainism: -“All life is sacred”.

Mahayana. 1C-. Liberal Buddhist doctrine of China, Japan, Korea, Tibet. Bodhisattva.

Mahdi. Shi’ite messiah who will appear at end of the world. Several claimants have appeared.

Mahler, Gustav. 1860-1911. Austrian classical Romantic symphony composer. Bridged gap between Romantics and atonalists. Resurrection Symphony 1894.

Mahmud II. 1785-1839. Ottoman sultan 1808-. Lost Greece, Syria. Destroyed Janissaries.

Mailer, Norman. 1923-2007. US writer. Naked and the Dead 1948. Executioner’s Song 1979. Harlot’s Ghost 1991.

Maillol, Aristide. 1861-1944. French sculptor of massive female nudes. La Mediterranée 1905.

Maine. 1898. US battleship destroyed at Havana. Excuse for Spanish American War.

Maintenon, Françoise de. 1635-1719. Mistress, then secret wife of Louis XIV. Founded St-Cyr.

Maipú, Battle. 1818. Spanish loss. Chile Independent.

Maistre, Joseph de. 1753-1821. French moralist for Christianity, Absolutism vs progress. Spanish Inquisition 1837.

Majorian. -461. W Roman Emperor 457-. Tax reform. Murdered.

Malachy, St. 1094-1148. Irish Cistercian papal legate.

Malan, Daniel. 1874-1959. South African Prime Minister 1948-54. Established Apartheid.

Malaparte, Curzio. 1898-1957. Italian Fascist writer. Coup d’Etat 1931.

Malatesta. 13-16C. Italian family. Ruled Rimini.

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