Gabrieli, Andrea. c1510-86. Venetian church music composer. First to combine voice and instruments in concerto form.

Gabrieli, Giovanni. c1557-1612. Nephew of A. Wrote sacred symphonies of voice and instrument.

Gadsden Purchase. 1853. US buys land from Mexico.

Gaelic. Celtic languages of Scotland and Ireland.

Gag Rules. 1836-44. Prevented discussion of anti-slavery bills in US Congress.

Gagarin, Yuri. 1934-68. Soviet cosmonaut, first man in space, 1961.

Gage, Thomas. 1721-87. English general, Governor of Massachussets. 1774-5. Siezed munitions at Concord, American Revolution.

Gainsborough, Thomas. 1727-88. English portrait and landscape painter. Boy Blue 1770. Watering Place.

Gaiseric. 390-477. Vandal and Alani King 428-. Conquered Roman Africa 429. Sacked Rome 455.

Gaius. 2C. Roman jurist. Institutes 161.

Galahad. Chaste Arthurian knight. Lancelot’s son. Holy Grail.

Galapagos. 1535 Berlanga discovers for Spain. 1832 Ecuador. 1835 Darwin visits.

Galatia. 275BC Area of Turkey taken by Gauls. 189BC Romans conq.

Galba. Roman Emperor 68-69.

Galbraith, John K. 1908-2006. Can/US Keynesian economist. Affluent Society 1958.

Galerius. -311. Roman Emperor of the East, 305-. Persecuted Christians. Edict of Tolerance, 311.

Galicia. 6C Lechs/Ruthenians settle. 10C Russian. 1087 Independent prin. 1241 Mongol. 1349 Pol. 1772 Austrian. 1918 Pol. 1939 USSR(E).

Galician Offensive. Kerensky Offensive.

Galilee. N Israel. (Ancient N Palestine). Jesus’ homeland. Absorbed in Arab-Israeli War, 1949.

Galileo Galilei. 1564-1642. Italian physicist. Planetary motion. Thermometer 1592. Acceleration of falling bodies 1604. Astronomical telescope 1609. Sunspots 1610. Arrested for heliocentricity, 1632. Rehabilitated by Vatican 1992. Copernicus.

Gall, Franz. 1758-1828. Phrenology founder 1770.

Galland, Antoine. 1646-1715. French translator of Arabian Nights, introduced the story to Europe 1704.

Gallas, Matthias. 1584-1647. General for Holy Roman Empire during Thirty Years War. Troops annihilated.

Galle, Johann. 1812-1910. German. Discovered Neptune 1846.

Gallican Confession. 1559. French Calvinists’ statement of faith.

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