Gallicanism. 13-19C. French Catholic independence from papal authority. Conciliarism vs Ultramontanism.

Gallienus, Publius. -268 Roman Emperor. 253-. Lost Gaul, eastern areas. Revolt of 30 Tyrants.

Gallipoli. 1915-16. Unsuccessful Allied attempt to secure Dardanelles from Turkey. Churchill resigns as Lord of Admiralty.

Gallon. 1707 Queen Anne’s wine gallon=US gallon (231 cubic inches). 1824 Imperial gallon defined as 10 pounds of water.

Galloway, Joseph. c1731-1803 British loyalist leader in American Revolution. Peaceful settlement proposal defeated.

Galt, Alexander. 1817-93. British/Canadian statesman, father of Canadian Confederation.

Galton, Francis. 1822-1911. English founder of Eugenics. Hereditary Genius 1869.

Galuppi, Baldassare. 1706-85. Italian. Developed opera buffa.

Galvani, Luigi. 1737-98. Italian physiologist. Electrical stimulation of frog’s legs 1780.

Gálvez, Bernardo de. c1746-86. Spanish Governor of Louisiana 1777-83. Viceroy of New Spain 1785-.

Gandamak, Treaty. 1879. British pay Afghans and occupy Khyber Pass.

Gandhi, Indira. 1917-84. Indian Prime Minister 1966~84. Daughter of J. Nehru. Assassinated.

Gandhi, Mohandas. 1869-1948. Indian patriot and non-violent philosopher. Home Rule. Opposed Partition. Assassinated.

Gang of Four. Chinese leaders, including Mao’s widow, convicted 1980 of Cultural Revolution abuses.

Garcia Iñiguez, Calixto. 1836-98. Cuban leader. Ten Years War. Spanish-American War.

Garcia Lorca, Federico. 1898-1936. Spanish poet, dramatist. Gypsy Ballads 1928.

Garfield, James. 1831-81. American Civil War general, US President 1881. Assassinated.

Gargantua. Hungry giant of Rabelais tale.

Garibaldi, Giusseppe. 1807-82. Led “Red Shirts” in Italian Risorgimento. Captured Naples 1860.

Garigliano, Battle. 1503. Spain defeats French invasion and wins Naples.

Garnerin, A-J. 1769-1823. French. First parachutist. Landed in Monceau park, Paris, 1797.

Garnier, Franis. 1839-73. French sailor, conquered Tonkin.

Garrick, David. 1717-79. English actor, theater manager.

Garrison, William. 1805-79. US anti-slavery promoter. Weekly Liberator 1831-65.

Garros, Roland. 1888-1918. French aviator, first to cross Mediterranean.

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