Shapur I. -272. Sassanid king. Captured Roman Emperor Valerian 260.

Shapur II. 309-379. Persian king. Halted Roman invasion. Acquired Armenia.

Shimabara Rebellion. 1637-8. Japanese Catholics vs taxes.

Sidoine Apollinaire. 430-472. Roman poet, Bishop of Clermont-Ferrand.

Silver Age. c14-130. Roman literary period.

Spanish Succession, War. 1701-14. Britain, Holy Roman Empire, Netherlands vs Spain, France. Opposed French Philip V succession to Spanish throne creating power imbalance. Queen Anne’s War.

SPQR Senatus Populusque Romanus. = The Senate and People of Rome.

St-Denis Basilica. 1137-44. Romanesque-Gothic transformation point. Burial place of French kings. Suger.

Stilicho , Flavius. c365-408. Roman general. Repulsed Goths, Vandals.

Succession States. 1918. Former Austria-Hungary territories: Czechoslovakia, Romania, Yugoslavia, Poland, Austria, Hungary.

Suetonius. c69-122. Roman biographer. Lives of the Caesars.

Sulla, Lucius. 138-78BC. Roman consul 88-79. Dictator 82-79. Civil war with Marius. Murdered thousands of opponents. Conquered Athens. Constitutional reforms.

Swiss War. 1712. Protestant cantons establish dominance over Catholic.

Tacitus, Gaius. 55-120. Roman consul, historian: Historiae c109. Annals c116.

Tarquinius Priscus. Roman king 616-578BC. Built Forum, Circus Maximus.

Tarquinius Sextus. Rape of Lucrece 510BC sparks revolt, end of Tarquin dynasty. Roman Republic begins.

Terence. c185-159BC. Roman dramatist. Adapted Greek works. Adelphi 160.

Terminus. Roman god of boundaries.

Tetrarchy. Any country with sovereign under Roman Empire in Eastern Provinces.

Teutoburg Forest, Battle. 9. Arminius halts Roman conquest of Germany.

Theodosian Code. 438. Codified Roman Law.

Theodosius I. 346-95. Emperor of East Roman Empire 379-. Unified East and West. Edict of Catholic faith, 380.

Theodosius II. 401-50. Emperor of Eastern Roman Empire 408-. Theodosian Code. University of Constantinople 425.

Thirty Years War. 1618-48. Protestant revolt vs Holy Roman Empire involving most European states. Peace of Westphalia. Spain, HRE lose influence; Denmark finished as power; France dominant; Sweden controls Baltic. Religious toleration. Use of muskets, canons developed.

Throckmorton, Francis. 1554-84. Led failed conspiracy vs Elizabeth I to restore Roman Catholicism.

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