Russia. 9C Slavs, Rus invade. 862-1598 Rurik dynasty. 1240 Mongol Empire of Golden Horde. 1462 Ivan the Great. 16C Unified. 1613 Romanov dynasty. 1917 Communist. Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. 1991 Russian Federation. CIS.

Rutherford, Ernest. 1871-1937. NZ/English physicist. Beta rays 1899, Nuclear theory of atom1911.

Rykov, Aleksey. 1881-1938. Russian Bolshevik leader. Opposed Stalin. Rehabilitated 1988.

Saarinen, Eliel. 1873-1950. Finnish/US modern architect, teacher. Palace of League of Nations (Geneva) 1927.

Sabbah, Hasan-e. Founder of Assassins 1094.

Saint-Just, Louis de. 1767-94. French revolutionary leader. Ally of Robespierre.

Saionji Kimmochi, Prince. 1849-1940. Japanese Prime Minister 1901~12. Tried to moderate militarism.

Saivo. Lapp underworld.

San Francisco, Peace. 1951. Japanese 1854 borders restored.

San Juan Hill, Battle. 1898. Part of Battle of Santiago. US defeat Spain in Cuba. Roosevelt. Rough Riders.

San Martin, José de. 1778-1850. South American independence leader with Bolivar vs Spain in Argentina, Chile, Peru.

Sanhedrin. -70. Jerusalem council of Jewish elders.

Santander, Francisco. 1792-1840. Ally of Bolivar. President of New Granada 1833-7.

Sarapis. Greco-Egyptian god. Originally of underworld, later of sun.

Satie, Erik. 1866-1925. Modern French Impressionist, Neoclassical composer.

Saxe, Maurice, comte de. 1696-1750. French commander, War of Austrian Succession.

Saxons. 5C. Germanic people colonized France, England. 8C Widerkind defeated by Charlemagne on continent.

Saxony. 843 «East Frankish Kingdom. 919-1024 Ruled HRE. 1180 Divided. 1697 Elector (King) of Poland. 1785 Fürstenbund. 1806 Napoleon creates Kingdom. 1815 Half to Prussia. 1815 German Confederation. 1835 Zollverein. 1867 North German Confederation. 1871 German Empire. 1918 Abolished monarchy. 1920 Republic. 1933 Germany.

Schubert, Franz. 1797-1828. Austrian Romantic symphonic composer of lyrical beauty. Created German lieder. “The most poetic of musicians”-Liszt. A Minor Symphony 1822. Unfinished Symphony1822.

Schurz, Carl. 1829-1906. German/US Mugwump leader.

Scipio. 3-1C BC Family of Roman leaders, generals.

Scipio Nasica Serapio. -132BC. Led mob that murdered Gracchus.

Scriblerus Club. 18C English literary club. Satirized contemporary writing. Swift. Pope.

SEC. Securities and Exchange Commission. 1934. Founded under New Deal.

Sedan, Battle. 1870. Napoleon III surrenders to Germans. Ends second French Empire.

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