Ribbentrop, Joachim von. 1893-1946. German Nazi foreign minister 1933-45. Hanged at Nuremberg.

Richthofen, Manfred von. 1892-1918. WWI German air ace. Downed 80 Allied planes.

Rundstedt, Gerd von. 1875-1953. Leading German WWII commander.

Ruthenian Church. 1594- = Uniate Catholic. Slavonic Roman Catholic. 1940 Allegiance changed to Russian Orthodox.

Sachs, Julius von. 1832-97. German discoverer of chlorophyll action.

Savigny, Friedrich von. 1779-1861. German jurist, historian of Roman and medieval law. Modern system of civil law.

Savonarola, Girolamo. 1452-98. Led Florence 1494- after Medici overthrow. Reformer against vice and corruption in the church and society. Burned books, paintings, luxuries. Hung+burned.

Savonnerie. 1604-1826. Royal French carpet makers incorporated into Gobelins.

Scharnhorst, Gerhard von. 1755-1813. Prussian general, reorganized army. General staff system.

Schlegel, August von. 1767-1854. German Romantic scholar, Shakespeare translator.

Schlegel, Friedrich von. 1772-1829. German Romantic critic.

Schleicher, Kurt von. 1882-1934. Last chancellor of Weimar Republic 1932-3. Opposed Hitler. Murdered by SS on Night of Long Knives.

Schuschnigg, Kurt von. 1897-1977. Austrian Prime Minister 1934-38. Opposed German takeover. Imprisoned 1938-45.

Seeckt, Hans von. 1866-1936. German general. Secretly rebuilt army after WWI.

Siemens, Werner von. 1816-92. German engineer. Dynamo 1867. Electric Locomotive 1879.

Slavonia. Pannonia. Balkans. 11C Hungary. 16C Turks. 1699 Hapsburg. 1848 Austria. 1868 Croatia.

Starhemberg, Ernst von. 1638-1701. Austrian Field Marshal. Defended Vienna vs Turks 1683.

Stauffenberg, Claus von. 1907-44. Failed attempt to assassinate Hitler 1944.

Stein, Karl, Freiherr von. 1757-1831. Reforming Prussian statesman helped abolish serfdom.

Stephen Báthory. 1533-86. Polish king 1575-. Won Livonia from Russia.

Steuben, Baron von. 1730-94. Prussian general. Trained, organized American Revolution army 1778-.

Stürgkh, Karl von. 1859-1916. Austrian Prime Minister. Suspended parliament 1914. Assassinated.

Suttner, Baroness von. 1843-1914. Austrian pacifist writer. Lay Down your Arms 1889.

Tet Offensive. 1968. Giap-led Vietcong attack 100 South Vietnamese cities, proof of strength creates US disenchantment with war.

Tilly, Graf von. 1559-1632. Flemish commander of Catholic League in Thirty Years War.

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