Pharsalus, Battle. 48BC. Caesar defeats Pompey.

Philippi, Battle. 42BC. Antony and Octavian beat republicans Brutus and Cassius.

Philippine Sea, Battle. 1944. Major US victory over Japanese. Philippines reconquered. MacArthur.

Pichincha, Battle. 1822. Ecuador wins independence from Spain.

Plains of Abraham, Battle. 1759. British defeat French, capture Quebec. New France falls. Wolfe, Montcalm killed.

Plassey, Battle. 1757. British conquer Bengal.

Plataea, Battle. 479BC. Persians driven from Greece by Pausanias.

Poitiers, Battle. 732. Charles Martel halts invasion, saving Europe from Moslem rule. 1356. Edward the Black Prince defeats and captures John II. Brétigny Treaty.

Pole, John de la. c1464-91/2. Yorkist claimant to British throne. Killed in battle.

Poltava, Battle. 1709. Russia defeats Swedish invasion, becomes a power. Northern War.

Portland, William Bentrick, Duke of. 1649-1709. Dutch/English statesman. Boyne. Treaty of Rijswijk.

Potemkin. Russian battleship, 1905 mutiny.

Prague, Battle. 1757. Austria defeats Prussia in Seven Years War.

Preston, Battle. 1648. Cromwell defeats Charles I last forces in English Civil War.

Prophet, the. c1768-1834. Shawnee leader, Tecumseh’s brother. Blamed for Tippecanoe.

Puebla, Battles. 1862 Mexican guerillas humiliate French army. “Cinco de Mayo”. 1863 French victorious, Maximilian.

Punic Wars. 264-241BC Rome gains Sicily from Carthage. Mylae. 218-201BC Rome defeats Hannibal attack, gains Spain. 149-146BC Rome destroys Carthage.

Putnam. American General at Bunker Hill. “Don’t shoot until you see the whites of their eyes.”

Pydna, Battle. 168BC. Romans defeat, divide Macedonia.

Pyramids, Battle. 1798. Napoleon wins access to Cairo.

Quatre Bars, Battle. 1815. Preliminary to Waterloo. Napoleon defeats Prussians.

Quebec, Battle. 1759. British defeat French in Seven Years War. 1775 Quebec Campaign.

Quiberon Bay, Battle. 1759. British defeat French navy preventing French invasion of Scotland.

Ramillies, Battle. 1706. Churchill wins most of Belgium for Britain from France.

Red Cross. c1863. Dunant founds International relief organization. Geneva Convention 1864. 1881 US. Solferino.

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