Thirty Years’ Peace. 445-415BC Ended First Peloponnesian War.

Thirty Years War. 1618-48. Protestant revolt vs Holy Roman Empire involving most European states. Peace of Westphalia. Spain, HRE lose influence; Denmark finished as power; France dominant; Sweden controls Baltic. Religious toleration. Use of muskets, canons developed.

Thor. Scandinavian god of thunder and war.

Thoreau, Henry. 1817-62. US naturist, anarchist essayist: Civil Disobedience 1848. Walden 1854.

Thorndike, Edward. 1874-1949. US psychologist. Developed children’s intelligence test. Animal Intelligence 1898-1901.

Three Henrys War. 1585-89. French War of Religion. Henri de Guise fails to depose Henry III. Executed. Henry III murdered. Henry of Navarre takes throne.

Thucydides. 5C BC. Greek historian of Peloponnesian Wars. Objective historical science.

Thule. Northern island discovered by Greeks 4C BC. Iceland, Shetlands or Norway?

Thurber, James. 1894-1961. US humorist. Secret Life of Walter Mitty 1942. New Yorker Cartoons 1931-40.

Tilly, Graf von. 1559-1632. Flemish commander of Catholic League in Thirty Years War.

Tilsit, Treaties. 1807. Russia, Prussia join Continental System. Russia free to attack Finland. Prussia surrenders to Napoleon, reduced in size. France controls Central Europe. Creates Warsaw Duchy, Westphalia.

Tipu Sahib. 1753-99. Indian Sultan of Mysore. Killed in Mysore War.

Tiw. One-handed Germanic god of war.

Tobacco. 1492 Cuba. 1493 Columbus brings to Europe. 1565 Hawkins brings to England. 1586 Raleigh brings to England.

Tojo Hideki. 1884-1948. Japanese general, Prime Minister 1941-4. Pearl Harbor. Hung for war crimes.

Tokugawa. 1603-1868. Japanese Shogun dynasty. =Edo Period. Isolationist. Genroku arts of “floating world”.

Tokugawa, Keiki. 1837-1913. Last Japanese Shogun 1867-8. Peaceful Meiji Restoration of Emperor.

Tokugawa Mitsukuni. 1628-1700. Feudal leader, key to History of Great Japan 1658-1906.

Tolstoy, Lev. 1828-1910. Russian historical novelist. Moralist. Occupied with social reforms; freed his serfs. Founded Christian anarchist religion. War and Peace 1863-9. Anna Karenina 1875-7.

Toltec. 9-13C. C. Mexican urban warrior peoples. Sun worshippers. Defeated by Aztecs.

Tong Wars. 1850-1930. US Chinese criminal feuds.

Tostig. -1066. Brother of English Harold II. Aided William the Conqueror and Norway’s Harold III invasions of England.

Tours, Truce. 1444-49. Break in Hundred Years War.

Towton, Battle. 1461. York victory in War of Roses. Henry VI fled England. Edward IV took crown.

Transcendentalism. 1835-55. US philosophy. Man’s divinity and goodness. Insight over logic. Opposed to authority. Thoreau. Emerson. Channing.

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