Chain, Ernst. 1906-79. With Florey, purified penicillin.

Châlons, Battle. 451. Attila’s westward conquest stopped by Visigoths and Romans.

Chamberlain, Neville. 1869-1940. English statesman, Prime Minister, 1937-40. Appeasement Policy towards Hitler. Munich Agreement.

Chambers, William. 1726-96. English Palladian architect. Somerset House 1776-86.

Chambers, William and Robert. 19C.Scottish reference book publishers.

Champ-de-Mars. Garden under the Eiffel Tower. Originally Gabriel’s parade ground for École Militaire.

Champlain, Samuel de. c1567-1635. French explorer of Canada. First Governor of New France. Founded Quebec city 1608.

Chandler, Raymond. 1888-1959. US novelist. Big Sleep 1939. Detective Philip Marlow.

Channel Islands. 911 Norman. 1066 England. Autonomous British crown possession.

Chapman, George. c1559-1634. English poet, playwright: Bussy d’Ambois 1607. Translated Homer.

Charlemagne. c742-814. King of France 768-. Restored Western Roman Empire, 800.

Charles, Jacques. French physicist, launched early hydrogen balloon 1783 with Robert. Gas Law V=kT 1798.

Charles I. 1600-49. King of Great Britain and Ireland. 1625-. Attempted to rule without Parliament. Defeated in Civil War. Beheaded.

Charles II, the Bald. 823-77. King of France 843-. Emperor of the West 875-. Verdun Treaty.

Charles IV, the Fair. 1294-1328. King of France 1322-, and Navarre. Won part of Aquitaine from England. Last Capetian.

Charles V, the Wise. 1338-80. King of France 1364-. New rampart around Paris.

Charles VI, the Well-beloved. 1368-1422. King of France 1380-. Insanity led to Civil War. Berry.

Charles VII, the Well-served. 1403-61. King of France 1422-. Joan of Arc. Arras Treaty. Pragmatic Sanction.

Charles IX. 1550-74. King of France 1560-. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre.

Charles X. 1757-1836. King of France 1824-30. Overthrown by revolt.

Charles X Gustav. 1622-60. Swedish king 1654-. Gt. Northern War.

Charlottetown Conference. 1864. Canadian provinces plan Confederation.

Chartists. 1836-58. British workers’ reform movement. Petitions 1838,40,48 for universal male suffrage, ballot vote led to riots 1839. Lovett.

Charybdis. Whirlpool between Italy and Sicily, opposite Scylla.

Château Clique. Small merchant group dominated government of Lower Canada to 1830s.

3454 more results ...