Sulla, Lucius. 138-78BC. Roman consul 88-79. Dictator 82-79. Civil war with Marius. Murdered thousands of opponents. Conquered Athens. Constitutional reforms.

Sullivan, Arthur. 1842-1900. British composer. Operetta form. Mikado 1885. HMS Pinafore 1878. Onward Christian Soldiers. Gilbert.

Sully, duc de. 1560-1641. French Finance minister to Henry IV. Helped rebuild France after Wars of Religion.

Sumerians. c6000-2000BC Civilization in Tigris-Euphrates valley. First writing system. First legal code. Akkad. Ur.

Summit Conferences. Cold War phenomenon involving meetings of heads of state. Geneva Conference.

Sumner, Charles. 1811-74. US Abolitionist senator. Urged Johnson impeachment.

Sumter, Fort. 1861. Confederate attack. First aggression of American Civil War.

Sunderland, Earl of. 1674-1722. British Whig minister. South Sea National Debt scheme.

Sunni. Majority orthodox Moslem sect who follow Sunnah, traditional legal, social practices. Shi’ite.

Supreme Privy Council. 1726-30. Effectively ruled Russia after Peter the Great’s death without heir.

Surrealism. 1920-. Artistic and literary movement dealing with the expression of the subconscious mind, fantasy, dreams. Klee, Dali, de Chirico, Chagall.

Susanna. Biblical woman wrongfully accused by elders of adultery.

Sussex. 477- Anglo-Saxon kingdom. 9C Dominated by Wessex.

Sussex Incident. 1916. Germans sink passenger ferry hastening US entry into WWI.

Suttee. Sati. -1829. Indian widow’s suicide on husband’s pyre.

Sutter, John. 1803-80. Owned California land on which gold was discovered 1848.

Suttner, Baroness von. 1843-1914. Austrian pacifist writer. Lay Down your Arms 1889.

Sverdrup, Johan. 1816-92. Norwegian reformer, Prime Minister 1884-9. Trial by jury.

Sverre. -1202. Norwegian king 1184-. Limited church power.

Swabia. Celt. 1C Suevi. 3C +Alemanni =Swabians. c500 Franks. 1079 Hohenstaufen dynasty. 1286 Divided. 1488-1534 Swabian League.

Swabian League, Great. 1488-1534. 22 cities, nobles and local leagues in southern Germany form protective alliance.

Swahili. Bantu people and language of Central Africa.

SWAPO. Southwest African People’s Organization for Namibian independence. 1960 Founded by Nujoma, Toiva vs South African hegemony. 1971 UN recognition.

Swaziland.16C Bantu...19C Swazi. 1881 Independence guaranteed. 1894 South African protectorate. 1902 British protectorate. 1968 Independent kingdom.

Sweden. c8000BC Settled. 9C Rurik establishes Russ dynasty. c1000 Christian. 1319 +Norway. 1397 Kalmar Union. 1520 Revolt. 1523 Independence Vasa dynasty. 1809 -Finland. 1814 +Norway. 1905 -Norway.

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