Banks, Joseph. 1743-1820. English botanist with Cook’s explorations.

Banting, Frederick. 1891-1941. Canadian physician: discovered insulin with Best, MacLeod, 1921.

Baptism. Purification by water as practised by a wide variety of religions.

Barabbas. Thief freed by crowd instead of Jesus.

Barbados. Arawak. 1518 Portugal discovers. 1627 English settle. 1966 Independent.

Barbara, St. c200. Maiden martyr at father’s hands, who was struck by lightning. Patron St. of artillerymen.

Barbarians. Greek = foreigners. Roman term for Goths, Huns and Vandals who conquered Western Empire 3-6C.

Barbary Piracy. 1518-1830. G. Washington pays $1M to free enslaved seamen 1796. US attacks Tripoli 1815. French sieze Algiers, 1830.

Barbuda. 1628 British Colony. 1680 Cordington family possession. 19C British Crown Colony. 1981 Independent Antigua and Barbuda.

Barbusse, Henri. 1873-1935. French writer: Le Feu (The experiences of a common soldier) 1916.

Barcarole. Venetian gondolier’s song with rocking rhythm.

Bardeen, John. 1908-91. US developer of transistor 1948 with Shockley. . BCS superconductivity 1957.

Barebones Parliament. 1653. Cromwell’s Nominated Puritan Parliament. Named for MP, Praise-God Barbon.

Barents, Willem. 1555-97. Dutch navigator, explorer for NE passage.

Barlaam. Legendary monk who converted Indian King Josephat to Christianity.

Barnet, Battle. 1471. Yorkist victory in War of Roses.

Baroja y Nessi, Pio. 1872-1956. Basque novelist. Terse style influenced Hemingway. Somber Lives 1900. Generation of ’98.

Baron. 1066-. 5th (lowest) rank of British peerage.

Barons War. 1264-7. England. Led by Montfort vs Henry III’s spending. Evesham. Oxford Provisions. Ended by Marlborough Statute.

Baroque Art. 1600-1750. Orig in Italy, spread across W. Europe. Architecture: Ornate style characterized by stucco, frescoes, rood screens. Vanbrugh. Bernini’s Barberini Palace. Music: Counterpoint vs Renaissance polyphony. Opera, cantata. Bach. Monteverdi. Vivaldi. Painting: Dynamic, emotional. Caravaggio. Reni. Rubens.Van Dyck. Rococo.

Barrès, Maurice. 1862-1923. French writer, politician. la Colline inspirée 1913.

Barrier Treaties. 1709-15. Britain, HRE aid United Provinces vs Spain, France. Spanish Succession.

Barrows. 2500BC-1000 AD. Burial mounds.

Barry, Charles. 1795-1860. English architect: Westminster Parliament 1840. Trafalgar Square 1840-3.

Barth, Karl. 1886-1968. Swiss Protestant theologian. Can only understand God through word of Christ.

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