Motherwell, Robert. 1915-91. US Abstract Expressionist painter. Created New York school. Elegy to the Spanish Republic 1949-59.

Mott, Lucretia. 1793-1880. Organized first US women’s rights conference with Stanton, 1848.

Mountain Meadows Massacre. 1857. Paiute Indians and Utah Mormons kill 137 Arkansas emigrants en route to California.

Mozarabs. 8-11C. Christians who adopted Moslem language and culture in Spain but remained Catholic.

Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus. 1756-91. Viennese Classical composer. European tour at age 6. Seemingly effortless compositions of symmetry and melody with emotional feeling. Marriage of Figaro 1786. Don Juan 1787. Magic Flute 1791.

Muawiya. c602-680. Muhammad’s disciple, founded Umayyad dynasty.

Mufti. Moslem lawyers. Advise court in Islamic law.

Mugabe, Robert. 1924-. Rebel leader with Nkomo. First Prime Minister of Zimbabwe 1980-.

Mugwumps. 1884. US Republican reform faction. In England, politically neutral voters.

Mukden Incident. 1931. Japan takes over Manchuria on pretext of attempted railway sabotage.

Müller, Hermann. 1876-1931. German Weimar leader. Young Plan.

Müller, Paul. 1899-1965. Swiss chemist. DDT as insecticide 1939.

Mumford, Lewis. 1895-1990. US social critic. Must restore human moral values. The City in History 1961.

Munch, Edvard. 1863-1944. Norwegian painter. Expressive, symbolic, psychological. The Cry 1893.

Münster, Sebastian. 1489-1552. German scholar. Hebrew Bible 1534-5. Geographica 1540. Cosmographia 1544.

Müntzer, Thomas. 1488-1525. Anabaptist founder 1520. Supremacy of inner light vs scripture. Peasant Revolt 1524. Executed.

Murasaki Shikibu. c978-1014. Japanese court lady, writer. Tales of the Genji 1001-5.

Mursa, Battle. 351. Roman civil wars. Rebel Magnentius defeated by Constantius II. 54,000 dead.

Muscovy Company. 1555-1698. English company with monopoly on Russian trade. First joint-stock.

Muses. Nine daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne that preside over the areas of knowledge: Calliope-epics, Clio-history, Erato-love poems, Thalia-comedy, Melpomene- tragedy, Terpsichore-dance, Euterpe-music, Polyhymnia-sacred poems, Urania-astronomy.

Muslim Civil War. 656-61 Sunni Muawiya defeats Shi’ite Ali for leadership starting Umayyad dynasty. 683-92 Umayyad put down Syrian rebellion. 809-13 Iraq vs Iran. 1008-31 Moslem Spanish gain autonomy from Umayyad.

Murphy, Gerald and Sara. 1920-33 US expatriates in Paris, Antibes. Parties, salons for artists and writers. Models for Fitzgerald’s Tender is the Night.

Mussolini, Benito. Il Duce. 1883-1945. Italian Fascist dictator 1922-. Seized Abyssinia 1935. Allied with Germany WWII. Shot.

Mutual Assistance Pact. 1950. USSR supports China, sends arms to N Korea.

Muybridge, Eadweard. 1830-1904. English/US Photographic studies of motion 1872.

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