Gustav I. Vasa. 1496-1560. Elected Swedish king 1523-. Defeated Danes, dissolved Kalmar Union.

Gustav IV. Adolf. 1778-1837. Swedish king 1792-1809. Lost Finland. Overthrown.

Guthrie, Woody. 1912-67. Populist US singer. This Land is Your Land.

Guyana. Arawak, Carib, Warrau. 1498 Columbus discovers. 16C Dutch settle. 1814 Britain. 1831 Colony =British Guiana. 1966 Independent =Guyana. 1970 Republic.

Gwyn, Nell. 1650-87. English actress. Popular mistress of Charles II 1669-.

Gypsies. 16C-. Nomadic peoples with Romany language. Probable Indian origin.

Haakon I. c914-61. Norwegian king c935-. Introduced Christianity to Norway.

Haakon IV. 1204-63. Norwegian king 1217-. Added Greenland and Iceland 1262. Patron of Arts.

Haakon VII. 1872-1957. King of Norway after separation from Sweden, 1905. In exile 1940-45.

Hachemite. Family which rules Jordan.

Hadley, George. 1685-1768. English climatologist: explained trade winds.

Hadrian. 76-138. Roman Emperor 117-. Built wall across England 122-36, Aelius Bridge 134. Rebuilt Greek cities.

Hafez. 1325-89. Persian poet. Divan 1369. Now, anyone who has memorized the Koran.

Haganah. 1920-48. Jewish protective force in Palestine. Basis of Israeli army.

Hagar. Sarah, Abraham’s wife’s handmaid. Mother of Ishmael.

Hague Conferences. 1899, 1907. Arms limitation talks banned poison gas, dum-dum bullets. Established World Court.

Haig, Douglas. 1861-1928. British Commander-in-Chief France 1915-19. War of Attrition.

Hair Powder Tax. 1795-1869. Britain.

Haiti. Arawak. 1492 Columbus discovers. 16-18C Slaves brought. 1697 Spain cedes to France 1804 Independent. 1915-34 US occupies. 1957-86 Duvalier dictators. 1994 US overthrow of military regime. 1972-2002 US returns refugee boat-people.

Halcyone. Aeolus’ daughter. Became kingfisher. Week of winter calm.

Halifax, First Earl of. 1661-1715. English Whig statesman. Started National Debt. Established Bank of England. 1694.

Haller, Albrecht von. 1708-77. Swiss anatomist. “Father of experimental physiology”.

Halley, Edmund. 1656-1742. English astronomer who explained comets 1705. First meteorological chart 1686.

Hamilton, James. 1606-49. Scottish Royalist. Defeated by Cromwell. Hanged.

Hamilton, William Rowan. 1805-65. Irish mathematician. Unification of optics and dynamics. Quaternion Theory.

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