Ericsson, John. 1803-89. Swedish/US. Invented screw propeller, designed Monitor.

Erik IX. -1160. King 1150-, Patron Saint of Sweden. Killed trying to convert Finns.

Erik the Red. Norwegian explorer, discovered Greenland c985. Established First colony.

Eritrea. 2-9C Aksumite (Ethiopian) Empire. 16C Ottoman. 17-19C Dispute. 1889 Italy. 1941 Britain. 1952 Autonomous within Ethiopian Empire. 1962 Ethiopian province. 1993 Independent.

Errs. Greek goddess of discord. Threw the apple that led to the Trojan War.

Esau. Son of Isaac, twin brother of Jacob.

Essex. 6C Saxon kingdom. 860 «Wessex.

Est. 1C. Tribe which settled Estonia.

Esther. Old Testament Persian Queen. Saved Jews from extinction.

Estonia. c1000BC Aesti. 9C- Vikings invade. 11,12C Russia, Denmark, Sweden invades. 1219 Denmark. 1346 Teutonic Knights buy. 16C Sweden/Poland/Denmark divide. 17C Sweden. 1721 Russian. 1918 Independent. 1919-33 Unstable governments. 1924 Failed Bolshevik revolution. 1934 Päts coup. 1940 USSR. 1991 Independent.

Ethelbert. 552-616. King of Kent 560-. First Christian Anglo-Saxon king. first extant A-S law code.

Ethics. Study of what is good human conduct.

Ethiopia. c1000BC Semite. 1C Aksumite Kingdom. 10C Zagwe dynasty. 1270 Solomonic dynasty. 17C Divided. 1855 Re-united. 1935 Italy (Italian East Africa). 1941 Independent. 1952 +Eritrea. 1974 Coup, Republic. 1993 -Eritrea.

Etruscans. Asian people in Tuscany 8C BC. Taken by Rome, 4-3C BC. Skilful metal workers. Strong navy, merchant traders. Tarquins.

Euler, Leonhard. 1707-83. Swiss mathematician. Calculus, optics. Analytic geometry.

Euric. Visigoth king 466-484. First Visigoth law code.

European Union. 1958 European Economic Community (EEC) of Belgium, France, W Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands. To integrate economic development of members. 1967 =European Community (EC). 1973 +UK, Ireland, Denmark. 1981+Greece. 1985 -Greenland. 1986 +Spain, Portugal. 1990 +former E Germany. 1993 =European Union (EU). Maastricht Treaty. European Parliament. European Court of Justice.

Eurydice. Wife of Orpheus, almost rescued from Hades.

Evangelicalism. Protestant churches that follow literal biblical interpretation.

Evans, Timothy. -1953. Wrongful hanging led to abolition of capital punishment in Britain.

Eve. Biblical first woman. Wife of Adam. Ate forbidden apple, expelled from Garden of Eden.

Evelyn, John. 1620-1706. English diarist and writer.

Evesham, Battle. 1265. Montfort defeated and killed. End of Barons War.

Evolution. Theory that life evolves from earlier forms. Conflicts with Biblical version of creation. Darwinism.

Ewald, Johannes. 1743-81. Danish lyric poet.

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