Aarau Treaty. 1712. Ended Swiss War.

Aasen, Ivar. 1813-96. Developed New Norwegian language, officially adopted, 1907.

Abbasid. 750-1258. Second Empire of Caliphate dynasty. Overthrew Umayyads; destroyed by Mongols.

ABC Powers. 1905. Argentina, Brazil, Chile.

Abd el-Kader. 1808-83. Arab emir who fought French 1840-46; founded Algerian state.

Abel, Frederick. 1827-1902. English inventor of military explosive cordite with Dewar, 1889.

Abel, Rudolf. 1902-71. Russian spy traded for Powers.

Abercrombie, Patrick. 1879-1957. British architect: Greater London town plan, 1943.

Aberhart, William. 1878-1943. Canadian Social Credit advocate.

Abo, Treaty. 1743. Sweden cedes SE Finland to Russia.

Abortion. Legalized 1968 Britain, 1969 Canada, 1973 USA, 1975 France. Roe v Wade.

Abraham. c2000BC. Old Testament father of Jewish, Arab peoples. Sarah. Hagar.Ishmael.

Absolutism. Government where one person/group has absolute power. 15-18C monarchies.

Abstract Art. 20C. Color, line and form without subject. Begun by Cezanne.

Abstract Expressionism. 1940s New York style of Pollock, Rothko. Spontaneous expression, free of traditional values. Expressionism.

Abu Moslem Revolt. 747-50. Umayyad downfall.

Abyssinia-Italy War. 1894-6. Ended Italian colonialism.

Abyssinian War. 1935-6. Italy invades Ethiopia. League of Nations ineffective.

Achaean League. 5-4C BC. Greek towns in common defence against pirates in Gulf of Corinth. 280-146BC. Model for federal government. Created to fight Macedonia. Dissolved by Romans.

Achaeans. Greeks who beseiged Troy. May be originally Mycenaean or Doric.

Achilles. Greek hero of Trojan Wars, invulnerable except for his heel, subject of Homer’s Iliad.

Achinese War. 1873-1904. Dutch defeat Moslems in Sumatra.

Acropolis. Elevated portion of Greek cities for protection and worship. Athens 2000BC.

Actaeon. Mythical Greek hunter, turned into a stag for watching Artemis bathing.

Action Française. 1898-1945. French right wing political movement and newspaper.

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