Balliol, Edward. -1363. Invaded Scotland 1332. King 1332-56. Ceded crown to ally Edward III.

Barons War. 1264-7. England. Led by Montfort vs Henry III’s spending. Evesham. Oxford Provisions. Ended by Marlborough Statute.

Barricades, Day of the. 1588. Paris. Catholic League rebels vs Henry III.

Barton, Elizabeth. 1506-34. Maid of Kent. Executed for prophesy against Henry VIII marrying Anne Boleyn.

Benedict XIII. c1328-1423. Antipope 1394-1417. Great Schism.

Black Prince. Son of Edward III. Captured King John II of France at Poitiers, 1356.

Boleyn, Anne. 1507-36. 2nd Queen of Henry VIII, mother of Elizabeth I. Beheaded.

Boniface VIII. c1235-1303. Pope 1294-. Claimed supremacy over kings. Captured by French adviser.

Boris III. 1894-1943. King of Bulgaria, 1918-. Hitler ally, but avoided war w USSR.

Bourges, Pragmatic Sanction. 1438. French Charles VIII supports Gallicanism vs pope.

Boyne, Battle. 1690. James II attempts to retake throne; defeated by William III, ending Catholic Stuart power in Ireland. Celebrated by Orangemen, Jul 12.

Canova, Antonio. 1757-1822. Venetian graceful Neoclassical sculptor. Tomb of Clement XIII. Orpheus 1779. Daedalus 1779. 3 Graces 1815.

Cánovas, Antonio. 1828-97. Spanish premier. Helped restore Alfonso XIII. Wrote constitution.

Catherine II, the Great. 1729-96. Autocratic Empress of Russia, 1762-. Overthrew husband, Peter III. Annexed Crimea, Polish territory.

Catherine of Aragon. 1485-1536. First wife of Henry VIII. Marriage annulled.

Celestine V, St. 1209-96. Founded Celestines 1264. 1294 First Pope to abdicate. Imprisoned by Boniface VIII.

Charles I, of Anjou. 1226-85. French King of Naples and Sicily 1246-. Son of Louis VIII. Harsh rule. First Angevin.

Charles III. 1716-88. King of Spain 1759-. Enlightened despot. Lost Florida but strengthened empire.

Charles III, the Simple. 879-929. King of France 893-923. Added Lorraine. Deposed.

Charles VIII. 1470-98. King of France 1483-.

Childeric III. Last Merovingian King of France -751.

Church of England. 1534. Anglican Church. National English church, founded by Henry VIII. Redefined by Elizabeth I, 1559. Act of Supremacy.

Clément, Jacques. 1567-89. Assassinated Henry III of France.

Clement III. Antipope 1080-1100 appointed by Henry IV. Defeated Rome 1084.

Clement VII. Pope 1523-34. Refused Henry VIII divorce.

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