Perez de Cuellar, Javier. 1920-. Peruvian UN Sec. Gen. 1982-91.

Pérez Jimenez, Marcos. 1914- Ruthless Venezuelan president. 1952-8. Coup 1948. Convicted of corruption.

Perón, Eva. “Evita”. 1919-52. Influential first wife of Juan. Won women’s vote.

Perón, Juan. 1895-1974. Totalitarian Argentine president 1946-55, 73-4. Evita. Isabel.

Peruzzi, Baldassarre. 1481-1536. Italian architect, painter. Palazzo Massimo 1535. Villa Farnesina 1509-21.

Pétain, Philippe. 1856-1951. Defender at Verdun, 1916. Armistice 1940. Vichy Prime Minister 1940-42. German puppet 1942-4. Life sentence for collaboration after liberation.

Peter II. 1923-70. King of Yugoslavia 1934-45. Deposed in exile by Tito.

Petersburg Campaign. 1864-5. Virginia. Final action of American Civil War leading to Confederate defeat.

Petöfi, Sándor. 1823-49. Hungarian lyric poet. Hero of the 1848-9 revolution. Poetry of Liberation. János Vitéz 1845.

Phalangists. 1936-2000 Militant Maronites vs Moslems in Lebanese Civil War.

Philby, Kim. 1912-88. British/Soviet double agent 1933-51. Escaped to USSR 1963. My Secret War 1968.

Philip II. 1165-1223. French Capetian king 1179-. 3rd Crusade. Conquered Flanders. Doubled France. Fought Richard the Lion Heart for Angevin Empire.

Philip VI. 1293-1350. French Valois king 1328-1350.

Philippi, Battle. 42BC. Antony and Octavian beat republicans Brutus and Cassius.

Philippine Sea, Battle. 1944. Major US victory over Japanese. Philippines reconquered. MacArthur.

Philistines. 12C BC- Peoples of Palestine defeated by Saul and David 10C BC. Samson.

Picasso, Pablo. 1881-1973. Spanish/French Cubist painter. Desmoiselles d’Avignon 1907. Guernica 1937.

Pietism. 17-18C. Spener’s religious movement. Influenced Moravians, Methodists. Bible study.

Pindar. c522-443BC. Greek Epicurean lyric poet of odes celebrating athletic victories.

Pinzon, Vicente. c1460-1523. Discovered Amazon 1500. Commanded Columbus’ Nina 1492,3.

Piranesi, Giambattista. 1720-78. Italian architect and engraver. Views of Rome 1740s.

Pius VII. 1742-1823. Pope 1800-. Excommunicated Napoleon after French annexed Papal States. Imprisoned 1809-14.

Plague. 429-425BC Athens. 33% died. 1347-53 Europe. (Black Death). Killed 25-50% population. 1603~65 England. 1720 Provençe. 1710 Scandinavia. 1894 China, Hong Kong. 100,000 died, 10M around world.

Plantagenet. 1154-1485. English dynasty. Lancaster, York. Angevins. Geoffrey.

Plantagenet, Richard. Duke of York. 1411-60. Protector during king’s insanity, 1454. Claims to succession led to War of Roses.

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