Europe, Council of. 1949-. To protect common heritage, human rights and harmonize legislation by replacing bilateral treaties.

European Community. 1967 European Union.

European Defence Community. 1950-54. Failed attempt at continental army.

European Parliament. 1958 Assembly. 1979 Legislature. 1993 Legislative Assembly of European Union.

European Union. 1958 European Economic Community (EEC) of Belgium, France, W Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands. To integrate economic development of members. 1967 =European Community (EC). 1973 +UK, Ireland, Denmark. 1981+Greece. 1985 -Greenland. 1986 +Spain, Portugal. 1990 +former E Germany. 1993 =European Union (EU). Maastricht Treaty. European Parliament. European Court of Justice.

Eurydice. Wife of Orpheus, almost rescued from Hades.

Evangelicalism. Protestant churches that follow literal biblical interpretation.

Evans, Arthur. 1851-1941. British Excavated Knossos.

Everest, George. 1790-1866. British surveyor of India.

Excaliber. Sword of King Arthur.

Exuperantius, St. 3C Zurich martyr.

Fabian Society. 1883. English non-revolutionary socialist movement. Founded Labour Party. Shaw.

Factory Acts. England. 1802 Apprentices 12 hr day. 1819 Minimum age 9. 1833. Limited child labour to 8 hours and education required 1844 Women, children 10 hr max. 1842 No women/children in mines. 1920 Minimum age 14. US 1844 Women 12 hr max. 1874 Women/children 10 hr max.

Fahrenheit, Gabriel. 1686-1736. German physicist, inventor of temperature scale 1712. Alcohol thermometer 1709. Mercury thermometer 1714.

Fair Deal. 1945,9. Truman’s program for jobs, housing, social insurance in US.

Family Compact. 1733,43,61. Spanish Bourbons support French wars.

Faulkner, William. 1897-1962. American novelist of US south. The Sound and the Fury 1929.

Faure, Felix. 1841-99. French president. Fashoda. Dreyfus.

FBI. Federal Bureau of Investigation. 1908-. US indep. federal police force. Hoover.

Ferdinand VII. 1784-1833. Spanish King, 1808, 1814-33. Favoured Isabella II to succeed. Carlist Wars led to loss of Spanish power and possessions.

Fermat, Pierre de. 1601-65. French mathematician/jurist. Modern Number Theory. Last Theorem 1631: There does not exist xⁿ+yⁿ=zⁿ for n>2; x,y,z ε N. Proved by Wiles 1995.

Fermi, Enrico. 1901-54. Italian/US atomic physicist. Transuranic elements.

Ferrara-Florence, Council of. 1438-45. Failed attempt to re-unite Latin and Greek churches.

Feudalism. 8-14C. Social system. Lord grants land rights (fiefs) to vassals in return for military or other service. Manorialism. Seignorialism.

Fifteen Years War. 1591-1606. Austria vs Turkey over Transylvania. Stopped Turkish expansion in Europe.

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