Chess. 7C Indian game evolved from earlier board games with carved pieces. 750 China. 10C Moslems brought to Europe. 1254 banned by Louis IX.

Chevalier, Maurice. 1888-1972. French singer and actor. Innocents of Paris 1929.

Chiang Ch’ing. 1914-91. Chinese radical. Mao’s wife. Gang of Four.

Chicago School. 19C. US architectural style. Skyscrapers. Wright.

Chinese Civil War. 184 Yellow Turban Rebellion. 1622- Red Hat Rebellion. 1946-9 Communists rebel vs Kuomintang. People’s Republic established.

Chinoiserie. 17-18C. European interpretation of Chinese style of art, decoration.

Chippendale, Thomas. 1718-79. English neoclassical furniture designer. Book of Patterns, 1752.

Chirico, Giorgio de. 1888-1978. Greek/It surrealist painter.

Chiron. Greek centaur.

Chopin, Fréderic. 1810-49. Polish/French composer of emotional expressiveness and pianist of great technical ability. Sand.

Chrétien de Troyes. 12C. French poet. Legend of King Arthur.

Chu Hsi. 1130-1200. Chinese Neo-Confucian. Four Books 1189. Individual goodness can be brought out by study of the classics.

Church of England. 1534. Anglican Church. National English church, founded by Henry VIII. Redefined by Elizabeth I, 1559. Act of Supremacy.

Church of Scotland. National Church of Scotland. Reformation led by Knox. 1560 Abolished pope. 1689 Presbyterian.

Churchill, John. 1650-1722. Marlborough.

Churchill, Winston. 1874-1965. British WWII Prime Minister. 1940-5,51-5.

Churrigueresque. Very ornate Spanish architectural style. Baroque. Plateresque.

CIA. Central Intelligence Agency. 1947-. US information gathering agency. Replaced OSS. National Security Act. Activities: 1953 Iran. 1954 Guatemala. 1967 Guevara. 1973 Chile. 1976 Nigeria.

Ciceronian Period. 70-43BC. First great age of Latin literature.

Cimabue, Giovanni. c1240-1302. Italian painter. Broke from Byzantine to natural style by characterizing individuals. St. John. Pisa Cathedral. Sta Trinita Madonna c1290.

CIS. 1991. Commonwealth of Independent States led by Russia. Ukraine, Belarus. Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Moldova.

Cistercians. 1098-. RC monastic order. Rigorous rule. Trappist vows of silence 1664.

Clarendon Constitution. 1164. Henry II limits church power in England. Opposed by Becket.

Clarke, Arthur C. 1917-2008. British science fiction writer. Predicted geosynchronous satellites 1945. 2001: A Space Odyssey 1968.

Classical. 500-300BC Greek Art. Idealized figure sculptures. Doric, Ionic, Corinthian architecture. Praxiteles. Roman Art. 1C BC-2C AD. Greek forms; added arch. Sculpture: realistic portraits, dramatic bas-relief.

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