Sweden. c8000BC Settled. 9C Rurik establishes Russ dynasty. c1000 Christian. 1319 +Norway. 1397 Kalmar Union. 1520 Revolt. 1523 Independence Vasa dynasty. 1809 -Finland. 1814 +Norway. 1905 -Norway.

Swedenborg, Emanuel. 1688-1772. Swedish scientist, philosopher. Apocalypse Revealed 1743-4. Claimed to have been to hell and heaven. Followers founded Church of New Jerusalem 1788.

Swedish Academy. 1786. Awards Nobel Literature prizes.

Swinburne, Algernon. 1837-1909. English poet. Song of Italy.

Swiss War. 1712. Protestant cantons establish dominance over Catholic.

Switzerland. Celts (Helvetii). 58BC Rome. 5C Alemanni, Burgundians. 6C Frank. 962 HRE. 1291 3 Cantons unite vs Hapsburgs. 1515- Neutral. 1648 Indepence recognized. 1815 Neutrality recogognized.

Symons, Arthur. 1865-1945. British Symbolist poet.

Taiping Rebellion. 1850-64. Hung Hsiu-ch’üan and Taiping socialist rebels capture Nanking 1853. Defeated by Gordon. Weakened Manchu dynasty.

Taira. 9C-1185. Powerful Japanese samurai clan..

Taiwan. Indonesians. 1590 Portugal discovers = Formosa. 17C Dutch/Spanish settle. 1662 Chinese settle, expel Europeans. 1895 Japan. 1945 China. 1949 Independent as Republic of China. 1971 United Nations gives Taiwan’s seat to People’s Republic of China.

Talât Pasha. 1874-1921. Young Turk leader. Ruled with Triumvirate 1913-18.

Talleyrand, Maurice de. 1754-1838. French politician under Directory and Empire. Congress of Vienna.

Tamerlane. 1336-1405. Barbaric Mongol Moslem conquerer. First of Timurid line. Routed Golden Horde. Conquered Ottomans 1402. Mehmed I.

Tammuz. Babylonian god of nature and agriculture.

Tanganyika. Bantu. 18C Masai. 18-19C Slave source. 1871 Stanley, Livingstone. German East Africa. 1919 British mandate = Tanganyika. 1946 United Nations Trust. 1961 Independent. 1962 Republic. 1964 +Zanzibar=Tanzania. Nyerere.

Tannhäuser. c1200-70. German legendary knight, poet who lived in the court of Venus.

Taoism. 6C BC Chinese philosophy. Lao-tzu wrote Tao-te-Ching. Natural course is through passivity, elimination of desire.

Tappan, Arthur. 1786-1865. US abolitionist. Founded Anti-Slavery Society 1833.

Tarpeian Rock. Rome. Tarpeia, who betrayed Rome to Sabines is buried beneath. Traitors thrown to death from it.

Tatars. Ancient: Mongols who merged with Golden Horde, invaded Europe 13C. Tatarstan.

Tea. c2700BC China. 6C Europe. 1657 England.

Tegh Bahadur. 1621-75. 2nd Sikh martyr.

Tejada Law. 1856. Mexico confiscates church property, French buy land.

Teleological Argument. God exists as master planner, because universe exhibits purpose. Duty derives from what is good as end to be achieved. Aristotle. Kant.

Telstar. 1962. First satellite TV between North America, Europe. First public telephone by satellite.

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