Kennedy, John. 1917-63. US President 1961-. -“New Frontier”. Peace Corps. Apollo Program. Cuban Missile Crisis. Assassinated by Oswald. Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty.

Mersen, Treaty. 870. Divided Lotharingia. Charles II and Louis the German establish French/German frontier.

Moscow Treaty. 1920 Baltic Liberation. 1921 Turkish frontiers. 1970 W Germany, USSR renounce force.

Neuve-Chapelle, Battle. 1915. Failed WWI artillery attack by British on Western Front.

Patriotic Front. 1973-9. Guerillas for black power in Rhodesia. Mugabe. Nkomo.

Pershing, John. 1860-1948. US general; commanded French front 1918. WWI.

Popular Fronts. 1930s. Political coalitions of opposing parties vs Fascists in France, Spain.

Quebec Conference. 1864. Basis of British North America Act. 1943. Allied leaders plan European landings. 1944. Churchill, Roosevelt decide on two war fronts-criticized for allowing Soviets to take Berlin.

Remarque, Erich. 1898-1970. German/US writer. All Quiet on the Western Front 1929.

Second Front. 1944 Allied attack from west.

Siegfried Line. 1937-40 German fortifications on western frontier = West Wall. Also, part of Hindenburg Line.

Starr, Belle. 1848-89. US horse thief, frontier heroine.

Stresa Conference. 1935. Britain-France-Italy “front” vs German rearmament.

Vigilante. US extralegal law enforcers on frontier.

West Wall. 1934-9. German illegal fortification of Rhine frontier.

Western Sahara. Spanish Sahara. 1976-91 Mauritania, Morocco, Polisario Independence Front dispute. 1991- awaiting referendum.

ZAPU. Patriotic Front. Zimbabwe African People’s Union. 1961-. Founded by Nkomo vs white minority rule in Rhodesia. 1987 Merged with ZANU.

Zhivkov, Todor. 1911-98. Bulgarian leader 1954-89. Loyal to Moscow. Confrontations with Yugoslavia.