Confederation Group. 19C Canadian nationalistic poets. Carmen.

Connecticut Wits. 18C US satiric collaborative poets. Anarchiad 1786-87.

Constance, Council. 1414-18. Ended Great Schism. Church council victory over papal power. Martin V elected pope.

Constantinople Agreements. 1915. Secret French/British pact to give Dardanelles to Russia after WWI. Bolsheviks repudiated all previous treaties, but publicized secret ones-embarrassing.

Constitution, US. 1787. Effective 1789. Defines government, liberties, basic laws. Amendments I-X 1791 Bill of Rights. XIII 1865 Abolishes slavery. XVIII 1919 Prohibition. XIX 1920 Women suffrage. XXI 1933 Repeals Prohibition. XXVI 1971 Voting age 18.

Conventice Acts. 1593, 1664-1689. Suppressed dissension in Church of England.

Cornwallis Code. 1793. For civil servants in India. No private trade. No Indians in important posts.

Corporate State. Mussolini economic system. Capitalist elements in state controlled economy.

Cosmological Argument. God exists as first cause.

Council of Ten. c1310-1797. Powerful Venetian tribunal. Investigated aristocratic plots vs government.

Country Party. 1913-. Australian pro-agriculture party. Small but influential in coalition governments.

Count’s War. 1533-36. Danish war of succession. Confirmed Protestant Reformation and hereditary succession.

Couperin, François. 1668-1733. French Baroque keyboard composer. Concerts Royeaux, Leçons de Ténebres 1714.

Crapper, Thomas. 1836-1910. British plumber. Installed Queen Victoria’s toilets. Manufacturer, but not inventor of syphonic flush toilets.

Crédit Mobilier of America. 1865-72. Scandal involving illegal profits, graft in Union Pacific Railroad construction.

Creole. 16-18C White person born in America of Spanish parents. Now varied meanings.

Crick, Francis. 1916-. British discoverer of DNA structure with Watson 1953.

Crispin and Crispinian, Sts. -c285. Martyred patron saints of shoemakers.

Crofters Act. 1886. Gave rights, security to crofters.

Crusades. 1095-1272. European Christian wars to regain Holy Land after Seljuk Turks take Jerusalem in 1072. Literature and the arts benefitted from Eastern cultural infusion. Peasants 1096. Annihilated. First. 1096-99. Genoa financed Godfrey of Bouillon to recapture Jerusalem. Only successful crusade. Second. 1147-49. Louis VII and Conrad III pillage Byzantium. Third. 1189-92. Richard I and Philip II Truce with Saladin allows access to Jerusalem. Fourth. 1202-4. French and Flemish nobles conquer, sack Constantinople, form Latin Empire. Childrens. 1212. Stephen of Cloyes led 30,000 unarmed French youths. Nicholas of Cologne led 20,000 German. All died or enslaved. Fifth. 1218-21. John of Brienne in Egypt. Sixth. 1228-29. Frederick II crowned king of Jerusalem. Seventh. 1248-54. St Louis of France captured by Egypt and ransomed. Eighth. 1270. St Louis dies of plague. Ninth. 1271-2. Prince Edward of England.

Culpeper’s Rebellion. 1677-79. Carolina colonists vs England. Establish their own government.

Cultural Revolution. 1966-9. Mao’s Red Guards purge China of bourgeois, capitalist elements.

Cuthbert, St. 635-87. Celtic monk, apostle to Northumbria.

Cyprus Emergency. 1952-9. Pro-Greece EOKA terrorists vs British.

Cyril and Methodius, Sts. -c869/885. Apostles of Slavs. Translated liturgy, invented Cyrillic alphabet.

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